Evaluation of Different Bacterial Wilt Resistant Eggplant Rootstocks for Grafting Tomato

Manickam, Ravishankar; Chen, Jaw-Rong; Sotelo-Cardona, Paola; Kenyon, L.; Srinivasan, Ramasamy

doi:10.3390/plants10010075

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“… Rivard et al (2012) grafted tomatoes with resistant rootstocks to control bacterial wilt (BW) caused by R. solanacearum , and the results showed that the incidence of BW in grafted plants decreased by 30–50% compared with that of the non-grafted plants. Manickam et al (2021) used five BW-resistant eggplant germplasms as rootstocks for grafting tomato, after inoculation with BW, the disease incidence for the grafted plants was 0 to 20%, and the tomato yield of grafted eggplant rootstocks was higher than that of non-grafted tomatoes. Lin et al (2005) introduced the Arabidopsis NPR1 gene into a tomato cultivar with resistance to tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), and the results of disease screens against eight important tropical diseases revealed that the transgenic lines exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to bacterial wilt (BW) and fusarium wilt (FW).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity, and Action Mechanism of Spore Powder From Aspergillus niger xj

et al. 2022

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Aspergillus fungi can produce a wide range of secondary metabolites, and they have represented a potential resource of novel bioactive compounds. Bacterial plant diseases have a serious impact on the sustainable development of agriculture worldwide, so it is necessary to use natural antibacterial compounds in microorganisms to control plant pathogens. This study was conducted to investigate the bioactive compounds of Aspergillus niger xj, three plant pathogens (Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-37, Erwinia carotovora EC-1, and Ralstonia solanacearum RS-2) were used as indicator bacteria, according to the biological activity tracking, five compounds were isolated from A. niger xj spore powder, and characterization of compounds was done by NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and EI-MS and was identified as ergosterol (1), β-sitosterol (2), 5-pentadecylresorcinol (3), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (4), and succinimide (5). Compounds 3 and 5 were isolated from A. niger xj for the first time. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of five compounds against three plant pathogens was evaluated, the results showed that compound 4 exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against tested bacteria, and RS-2 was the most sensitive to compound 4, showing the lowest MIC of 15.56 μg/ml. We concluded that the mechanism of action of the compound 4 against RS-2 might be described as compound 4 acting on bacterial protein synthesis and intracellular metabolism according to the results of the scanning electron microscopy observation, permeability of cell membrane and SDS-PAGE. These results indicated that compound 4 has good potential to be as a biocontrol agent. In conclusion, the results from this study demonstrated that the compounds with antibacterial activity are of great significance of the prevention and control of plant phytopathogenic bacteria, and they may be applicable to exploring alternative approaches to integrated control of phytopathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity, and Action Mechanism of Spore Powder From Aspergillus niger xj

et al. 2022

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“…'Yatsubusa' grafted onto the rootstock of another variety ('Spanish Paprika') led to a significantly higher number of nodes and branches on the main stem [44]. Overall, the field survival and growth performance of successful graft combinations under disease-infested conditions are the direct effect of rootstock-provided reduced disease incidence [45].…”

Section: Vegetative Growth Parametersmentioning

confidence: 93%

Productive Characteristics and Fruit Quality Traits of Cherry Tomato Hybrids as Modulated by Grafting on Different Solanum spp. Rootstocks under Ralstonia solanacearum Infested Greenhouse Soil

Naik¹,

Hongal²,

Harshavardhan³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Grafting is increasingly becoming an indispensable tool that minimizes the risks associated with intensive vegetable production systems, including soil-borne diseases. This study assesses the performance of two cherry tomato hybrids (‘Cheramy’ and ‘Sheeja’) grafted onto three tomato and five eggplant local rootstock genotypes (cultivated/wild) under Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt)-infested greenhouse soil. The impact of grafting on growth, yield and fruit physical quality was mainly influenced by the response of rootstocks to disease resistance. The non-grafted plants of both the cultivars were severely affected by bacterial wilt, thus presenting high susceptibility to disease. Eggplant rootstocks imparted moderate to high resistance against bacterial wilt in both the scions, while tomato (cultivated or wild) rootstocks did not improve disease resistance, except ‘Anagha’, which provided resistance to scion cv. ‘Cheramy’. In general, scion cv. ‘Cheramy’, grafted or non-grafted, showed superior growth, yield and fruit quality compared to ‘Sheeja’. The most productive graft combinations for both the cultivars involved resistant rootstocks, i.e., ‘Sheeja’ onto eggplant rootstock ‘Surya’, and ‘Cheramy’ onto tomato rootstock ‘Anagha’. Fruit quality attributes such as ascorbic acid and lycopene contents were considerably higher, and the total soluble solids (TSS) content was considerably lower in scion cv. ‘Cheramy’, whether grafted or non-grafted, than those involving scion cv. ‘Sheeja’. The grafting effect on fruit chemical quality attributes was not promising, except grafting ‘Sheeja’ onto ‘Sopim’ for TSS, ‘Sheeja’ onto ‘Sotor’ for lycopene and ‘Cheramy’ onto ‘Ponny’ for total phenols, though no clear connection with disease incidence was in these grafts. Conclusively, eggplant rootstock imparted wilt resistance, while both eggplant and tomato rootstock grafting was beneficial to both scion cultivars in boosting the overall production and economic gains, especially for ‘Cheramy’ grafted onto ‘Anagha’ rootstock under bacterial wilt infested soil of greenhouse.

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“…Grafting is an agronomic technique intensively used in the horticultural industry to boost plant resistance toward biotic and abiotic stresses [ 5 ]. Grafting is extensively utilized in tomato to boost yield or quality, while also increasing resistance to a variety of stressors, including cold stress and root-knot disease [ 6 , 7 ]. The improvement of cold tolerance by grafting onto cold-tolerant rootstock can be attributed to several physiological mechanisms: (i) avoidance of damage by closing stomata more quickly than sensitive genotypes when temperature decreases [ 8 ]; (ii) improvement of scion tolerance by increasing osmoprotectants (free proline, betaine, and soluble sugar) in the cytosol [ 9 ]; (iii) elimination of oxygen radicals by increasing the contents of detoxifying substances (glutathione) or antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase) [ 10 ]; (iv) modulation of cold tolerance by affecting photosynthesis, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism [ 11 ]; and (v) maintenance of stomatal conductance and nitrogen content, thus achieving better plant establishment and growth performance at suboptimal temperatures [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The essential role of jasmonate signaling in Solanum habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance in tomato grafts

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Horticulture Research

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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is among the most important vegetables across the world, but cold stress usually affects its yield and quality. The wild tomato species Solanum habrochaites is commonly utilized as rootstock for enhancing the resistance against abiotic stresses in cultivated tomato, especially cold resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this research, we confirmed that S. habrochaites rootstock can improve the cold tolerance of cultivated tomato scions, as is revealed by growth, physiological and biochemical indicators. Furthermore, transcriptome profiling indicated significant differences in the scion of homo- and hetero-grafted seedlings, including substantial changes in jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signaling, which were validated by RT-qPCR analysis. S. habrochaites plants had a high basal level of jasmonate, and cold stress caused a greater amount of active JA-Ile in the S. habrochaites hetero-grafts. Moreover, exogenous JA enhanced while JA inhibitor decreased the cold tolerance of tomato grafts. The JA biosynthesis defected mutant (spr8) also showed increased sensitivity to cold stress. All of these results demonstrated the significance of JA in the cold tolerance of grafted tomato seedlings with S. habrochaites rootstock, suggesting a future direction on characterization of natural variation involved in S. habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance.

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Evaluation of Different Bacterial Wilt Resistant Eggplant Rootstocks for Grafting Tomato

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Isolation of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity, and Action Mechanism of Spore Powder From Aspergillus niger xj

Isolation of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity, and Action Mechanism of Spore Powder From Aspergillus niger xj

Productive Characteristics and Fruit Quality Traits of Cherry Tomato Hybrids as Modulated by Grafting on Different Solanum spp. Rootstocks under Ralstonia solanacearum Infested Greenhouse Soil

The essential role of jasmonate signaling in Solanum habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance in tomato grafts

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