Evaluation of Different IgY Preparation Methods and Storage Stability as Potential Animal Feed Supplement

Ge, Shikun; Yang, Yanli; Chelliappan, Brindha; Michael, Antonysamy; Zhong, Fagang; Zhang, Xiaoxin

doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/20190612010610

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This aspect is evident from the fact that one hen can produce approximately 325 eggs with 50–100 mg/egg IgY, thus yielding up to 35 g of IgY annually ( 27 ), which is five times higher in specific pathogen-free (SPF) hens (175 g vs. 35 g) ( 2 ). Standard laboratory techniques for IgY extraction usually include precipitation methods using salts (e.g., ammonium sulfate), polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol), and affinity chromatography techniques for purification ( 28 ). However, these methods can be time-consuming or expensive ( 15 , 28 ), which may interfere with their large-scale application.…”

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard laboratory techniques for IgY extraction usually include precipitation methods using salts (e.g., ammonium sulfate), polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol), and affinity chromatography techniques for purification ( 28 ). However, these methods can be time-consuming or expensive ( 15 , 28 ), which may interfere with their large-scale application. The extraction of egg components at an industrial scale can be achieved using membrane techniques or powder processing.…”

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only a few studies have standardized the use of UF membrane processes to purify IgY antibodies. Lipids or lipoproteins can strongly influence the efficiency of UF membranes; thus, their removal from the water-soluble fraction remains a critical factor in the success of this method ( 25 , 28 ). Moreover, some commercial IgY extraction and purification kits are available on the market, but they are not suitable for industrial-scale manufacturing processes.…”

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, strict regulations exist for parenterally administered products and monoclonal IgY, and there are problems with effective delivery systems. The use of egg yolk powder containing specific IgY as a food ingredient is an economical and practical “dosage form” for the oral administration of polyclonal IgY along with encapsulation materials and stabilizers ( 15 , 28 ). Attempts have been made to deliver the IgY active ingredient to the oral cavity ( 29 ) and nasal cavity ( 24 ) as parenteral administrations, as well as systemic administration of mIgY such as Sym021.…”

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in industrialization and commercialization of IgY technology

Yakhkeshi¹,

Wu²,

Chelliappan³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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IgY technology refers to the strategic production process involved in generating avian immunoglobulin (IgY) against target antigens in a much more cost-effective manner with broad applications in the fields of diagnostics, prophylaxis, and therapeutics for both human and veterinary medicine. Over the past decade, promising progress in this research area has been evident from the steep increase in the number of registered manufacturing companies involved in the production of IgY products, the number of patents, and the notable number of clinical trials underway. Hence, it is crucial to conduct a prospective analysis of the commercialization and marketing potential of IgY-based commercial products for large-scale applications. This review revealed that the number of IgY patent applications increased steeply after 2010, with the highest of 77 patents filed in 2021. In addition, 73 industries are reportedly involved in marketing IgY products, out of which 27 were promoting biotherapeutics for human and veterinary medicine and 46 were in the diagnostic field. IgY antibodies are being used as primary and secondary antibodies, with approximately 3729 and 846 products, respectively. Biotherapeutic product consumption has notably increased as a food supplement and as a topical application in human and veterinary medicine, which are under different clinical phases of development to reach the market with around 80 and 56 products, respectively. In contrast, the number of IgY products as parenteral administrations and licensed drugs is not well developed given the lack of technical standards established for IgY registration and industrialization, as well as the restriction of the nature of polyclonal antibodies. However, recent ongoing research on functional IgY fragments indicates a promising area for IgY applications in the near future. Therefore, retrospective analysis with speculations is mandatory for IgY technology maturation toward industrialization and commercialization.

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Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Industrialization Of Igy Technology: Challenges and Prospect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Trends in industrialization and commercialization of IgY technology

Yakhkeshi¹,

Wu²,

Chelliappan³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Genetically engineered functional antibody fragments, such as single-chain fragment variable (scFv), exhibit prominent advantages over full-length IgG and can be considered the third generation of antibodies after antiserum-based polyclonal antibodies and hybridoma technique-based full-length monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) [2]. However, avian IgY-scFv offers unique properties over mammalian IgG-scFv that make them attractive in certain contexts where their advantages align with the specific requirements of the application, which have been reported in previous research [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimerism of avian IgY‐scFv and truncated IgG‐Fc: A novel strategy in cross‐species antibody generation and enhancement

Ge,

Dias,

Zhang

2024

Immunology

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Chicken single‐chain fragment variable (IgY‐scFv) is a functional fragment and an emerging development in genetically engineered antibodies with a wide range of biomedical applications. However, scFvs have considerably shorter serum half‐life due to the absence of antibody Fc region compared with the full‐length antibody, and usually requires continuous intravenous administration for efficacy. A promising approach to overcome this limitation is to fuse scFv with immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc region, for better recognition and mediation by the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in the host. In this study, engineered mammalian ΔFc domains (CH2, CH3, and intact Fc region) were fused with anti‐canine parvovirus‐like particles avian IgY‐scFv to produce chimeric antibodies and expressed in the HEK293 cell expression system. The obtained scFv‐CH2, scFv‐CH3, and scFv‐Fc can bind with antigen specifically and dose‐dependently. Surface plasmon resonance investigation confirmed that scFv‐CH2, scFv‐CH3, and scFv‐Fc had different degrees of binding to FcRn, with scFv‐Fc showing the highest affinity. scFv‐Fc had a significantly longer half‐life in mice compared with the unfused scFv. The identified ΔFcs are promising for the development of engineered Fc‐based therapeutic antibodies and proteins with longer half‐lives. The avian IgY‐scFv‐mammalian IgG Fc region opens up new avenues for antibody engineering, and it is a novel strategy to enhance the rapid development and screening of functional antibodies in veterinary and human medicine.

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