Evaluation of different irrigation activation techniques for the removal of various medicaments from a simulated internal resorption cavity

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to assess different activation techniques’ efficacy in the removing calcium hydroxide (Ultracal XS), Ledermix and Bio-C Temp from simulated internal root resorption (IRR) cavities. Materials and Methods: 108 single-rooted maxillary incisors were prepared using Reciproc R50 files. Simulated IRR cavities, 2 mm in diameter and 8 mm from the apex, were created. Ultracal XS, Ledermix, and Bio-C Temp were applied to the samples, grouped by irrigation activation techniques: Standard Needle Irrigation (SNI), EDDY, Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI), and XP-endo Finisher (XPF). Medicament removal efficacy was evaluated using a standardized scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: XPF and PUI were more effective than SNI in medicament removal across the groups, with no significant difference between them. EDDY showed no a significant difference compared to other groups. Ledermix was more effectively removed in all activation groups compared to Bio-C Temp. The XPF was superior in removing Ultracal XS compared to Bio-C Temp. However, none of the groups achieved complete medicament removal. Conclusions:XPF and PUI techniques enhance medicament removal efficacy. Bio-C Temp was more difficult to remove from the IRR cavities than other medicaments. Clinical Relevance: Bio-C Temp is a novel bioceramic intracanal medicament recommended for root resorptions. This study compared its removability from internal resorption cavities to various medicaments using different irrigation activation methods