Evaluation of disease management approaches for powdery mildew on<i>Cannabis sativa</i>L. (marijuana) plants

Scott, Cameron; Punja, Zamir K.

doi:10.1080/07060661.2020.1836026

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…One of the most significant diseases of hemp in the northeastern US, hemp powdery mildew (PM) is caused by the obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Golovinomyces spadiceus (Szarka et al ., 2019; Weldon et al ., 2019), and can lead to early leaf drop and reduced inflorescence quality (Punja et al ., 2019; Stack et al ., 2021). Management options are available but few synthetic chemicals have been approved for field grown hemp (Punja and Scott, 2020), and genetic sources of durable resistance to PM have not been established. ‘FL 58’ (Sunrise Genetics, LLC), seed parent of family 19-1166, was previously characterized as having the lowest susceptibility to PM in multi-environment cultivar trials (Stack et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric relationships and their contribution to biomass and cannabinoid yield in hybrids of hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Carlson

Stack

Jiang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The breeding of hybrid cultivars of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is not well described, especially the segregation and inheritance of traits that are important for yield. A total of 23 families were produced from genetically diverse parents to investigate the inheritance of morphological traits and their association with biomass accumulation and cannabinoid yield. In addition, a novel classification method for canopy architecture was developed. The strong linear relationship between wet and dry biomass provided an accurate estimate of final dry stripped floral biomass. Of all field and aerial measurements, basal stem diameter was determined to be the single best selection criterion for final dry stripped floral biomass yield. Along with stem diameter, canopy architecture and stem growth predictors described the majority of the explainable variation of biomass yield. Within-family variance for morphological and cannabinoid measurements reflected the heterozygosity of the parents. While selfed populations suffered from inbreeding depression, hybrid development in hemp will require at least one inbred parent to achieve uniform growth and biomass yield. Nevertheless, floral phenology remains a confounding factor in selection because of its underlying influence on biomass production highlighting the need to understand the genetic basis for flowering time in the breeding of uniform cultivars.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Szarka et al, 2019;Weldon et al, 2019), and can lead to early leaf drop and reduced 5 inflorescence quality (Punja et al, 2019;Stack et al, 2021). Management options are available 5 but few synthetic chemicals have been approved for field grown hemp (Punja and Scott, 2020),…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric relationships and their contribution to biomass and cannabinoid yield in hybrids of hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Carlson

Stack

Jiang

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Screening methods need to be developed to accurately identify such sources, followed by molecular characterization of the underlying biochemical mechanisms and regulatory genes. Among currently grown genotypes, testing of 13 strains revealed none had resistance to F. oxysporum , 21 while four out of 12 strains showed resistance to powdery mildew 76 . Combined resistance to multiple pathogens, e.g.…”

Section: Disease Mitigation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This product is registered for use on cannabis in Canada and is reported to induce disease resistance when applied to a range of plant species prior to the initiation of infection; 76 it has less activity when used post infection. The knotweed extract has been reported to reduce powdery mildew development on cucumber, tomato, squash and wasabi plants 76 . The potential for induced resistance mechanisms in treated cannabis plants remains to be determined.…”

Section: Disease Mitigation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S4). The use of ultraviolet light (UV‐C and UV‐B) to reduce pathogen and mold development has been demonstrated for several crops, including for powdery mildew management 76 . The efficacy of UV light in managing diseases is due to its direct germicidal activity as well as its indirect ability to induce defense responses in plants, including increased levels of phenolic compounds and pathogenesis‐related proteins 76 .…”

Section: Disease Mitigation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging diseases of Cannabis sativa and sustainable management

Punja

2021

Pest Management Science

114

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Cultivation of cannabis plants (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana) has taken place worldwide for centuries. In Canada, legalization of cannabis in October 2018 for the medicinal and recreational markets has spurned interest in large‐scale growing. This increased production has seen a rise in the incidence and severity of plant pathogens, causing a range of previously unreported diseases. The objective of this review is to highlight the important diseases currently affecting the cannabis and hemp industries in North America and to discuss various mitigation strategies. Progress in molecular diagnostics for pathogen identification and determining inoculum sources and methods of pathogen spread have provided useful insights. Sustainable disease management approaches include establishing clean planting stock, modifying environmental conditions to reduce pathogen development, implementing sanitation measures, and applying fungal and bacterial biological control agents. Fungicides are not currently registered for use and hence there are no published data on their efficacy. The greatest challenge remains in reducing microbial loads (colony‐forming units) on harvested inflorescences (buds). Contaminating microbes may be introduced during the cultivation and postharvest phases, or constitute resident endophytes. Failure to achieve a minimum threshold of microbes deemed to be safe for utilization of cannabis products can arise from conventional and organic cultivation methods, or following applications of beneficial biocontrol agents. The current regulatory process for approval of cannabis products presents a challenge to producers utilizing biological control agents for disease management. © 2021 The Author. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Towards dsRNA‐integrated protection of medical Cannabis crops: considering human safety, recent‐ and developing RNAi methods, and research inroads

Willow

Silva

Taning

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Owing to the expanding industry of medical Cannabis, we discuss recent milestones in RNA interference (RNAi)-based crop protection research and development that are transferable to medical Cannabis cultivation. Recent and prospective increases in pest pressure in both indoor and outdoor Cannabis production systems, and the need for effective nonchemical pest control technologies (particularly crucial in the context of cultivating plants for medical purposes), are discussed. We support the idea that developing RNAi tactics towards protection of medical Cannabis could play a major role in maximizing success in this continuously expanding industry. However, there remain critical knowledge gaps, especially with regard to RNA pesticide biosafety from a human toxicological viewpoint, as a result of the medical context of Cannabis product use. Furthermore, efforts are needed to optimize transformation and micropropagation of Cannabis plants, examine cutting edge RNAi techniques for various Cannabis-pest scenarios, and investigate the combined application of RNAi-and biological control tactics in medical Cannabis cultivation.

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Evaluation of disease management approaches for powdery mildew onCannabis sativaL. (marijuana) plants

Cited by 31 publications

References 83 publications

Morphometric relationships and their contribution to biomass and cannabinoid yield in hybrids of hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Morphometric relationships and their contribution to biomass and cannabinoid yield in hybrids of hemp (Cannabis sativa)

Emerging diseases of Cannabis sativa and sustainable management

Towards dsRNA‐integrated protection of medical Cannabis crops: considering human safety, recent‐ and developing RNAi methods, and research inroads

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