Evaluation of Effect of Probiotics on Cytokine Levels in Critically Ill Children With Severe Sepsis: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial*

Angurana, Suresh Kumar; Bansal, Arun; Singhi, Sunit; Aggarwal, Ritu; Jayashree, Muralidharan; Salaria, M; Mangat, Navdeep

doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000003279

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our results demonstrated that early immune monitoring at PICU admission could help to identify those patients with better prognosis. In this setting, we demonstrated that IL-6 levels (with higher 39.32 pg/ml) have a high negative predictive value of prognosis in nonseptic critically ill children, which was consistent with the results of previous studies in neonatal/pediatric critically ill patients with sepsis [ 16 , 17 ]. CRP was a routinely measured inflammatory marker.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Elevated Interleukin-6 Levels within 72 Hours Post Admission Are Associated with Disease Progression in Nonseptic Critically Ill Children

Tan

Dang

Liu

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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It has been established that the innate and adaptive immune suppression was heterogeneous in septic and nonseptic critically ill patients, while the value of immune function in pediatric patients with nonseptic critical illness is limited. We conducted a single-center retrospective study to explore this issue. A total of 65 children with nonseptic illnesses were studied for lymphocyte subpopulations, immunoglobulin concentrations, complement concentrations, and cytokines in peripheral blood in the next 72 hours after admission to our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). When compared to clinically recovered patients, patients with disease progression had a numerically lower but not significantly different median pediatric critical illness score and longer PICU median stays. The analysis of serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA), serum complement (C3, C4) concentrations, and lymphocyte subpopulations showed no significantly difference between patients with and without relieved clinical symptoms by day 4. For the cytokine analysis, the level of IL-6 was significantly higher in patients with disease progression than that in patients who clinically recovered (p=0.046). In the univariate Cox regression analysis, plasma IL-6 levels were associated with outcome. Multivariate analysis evidenced that the level of plasma IL-6 was one of the factors determining the length of hospital stays. In conclusions, our results demonstrate that increased IL-6 levels in the initial 72 hours post admission are associated with prolonged stays and disease progression in nonseptic critically ill children in the PICU.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Elevated Interleukin-6 Levels within 72 Hours Post Admission Are Associated with Disease Progression in Nonseptic Critically Ill Children

Tan

Dang

Liu

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…Accumulating studies have demonstrated that inulin may increase proportions of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus [32,34]. Probiotic Bifidobacterium possessed capable of suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis [35][36][37]. We also found that inulin elevated this beneficial Bifidobacterium, revealing that inulin may ameliorate PCOS by improving the proportion of Bifidobacterium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Inulin and metformin ameliorate polycystic ovary syndrome <i>via</i> anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota in mice

Xue

Liu

et al. 2019

Endocr J

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents an endocrine disorder, which is closely related with gut microbiota. Inulin, a kind of probiotics, has been proven to alleviate gut microbiota dysbiosis. Metformin, a biguanide agent, shows beneficial effects on chronic metabolic diseases. Our objective was to assess the effects and associated mechanisms of inulin and metforin on attenuation of PCOS in mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups: control group (CON), model group (MOD), inulin group (INU), metformin group (MET). The last three groups were fed 6 mg of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) per 100 g body weight and 60% high-fat diet to generate mice model. After 21 days of intervention, mice were euthanized and associated indications were investigated. Body weight (BW) and testosterone (T) levels were significantly decreased, but estradiol (E2) levels were increased in INU or MET group, respectively. Ovary HE staining demonstrated that inulin or metformin ameliorated PCOS morphology. Inflammatory indicators from plasma and ovary including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A were decreased in INU or MET group. Moreover, IL-10 in ovary of INU or MET group was increased. Sequencing and analysis of gut microbiota showed that compared to MOD group, Bifidobacterium was increased, but Proteobacteria, Helicobacter and Parasutterella were decreased in INU group. Helicobacter was decreased in MET group. Correlation analysis showed that gut microbiota was correlated with inflammatory factors. Our results revealed that inulin and metformin alleviated PCOS via anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota, which may contribute to potential clinical therapy for the disease.

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“…At the same time, emerging data have shown that probiotics can secrete metabolites and factors with immunomodulatory properties [24,48,64]. For example, relevant studies demonstrated a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines using multistrain probiotic supplementation [21,65,66]. The novelty in our study was that we used an inexpensive food (and easily produced at home) to reduce serum proinflammatory cytokines and possibly contribute to neuroprotective effect in AD patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Dementia in Alzheimer’s Patients: Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation

Ton

Campagnaro

Alves

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

137

110

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Background. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in elderly patients. Recently, several studies have shown that inflammation and oxidative stress precede the cardinal neuropathological manifestations of AD. In view of the proven antioxidant effects of probiotics, we proposed that continuous dietary supplementation with milk fermented with kefir grains might improve cognitive and metabolic and/or cellular disorders in the AD patients. Methods. This study was designed as an uncontrolled clinical investigation to test the effects of probiotic-fermented milk supplementation (2 mL/kg/daily) for 90 days in AD patients exhibiting cognitive deficit. Cognitive assessment, cytokine expression, systemic oxidative stress levels, and blood cell damage biomarkers were evaluated before (T0) and after (T90) kefir synbiotic supplementation. Results. When the patients were challenged to solve 8 classical tests, the majority exhibit a marked improvement in memory, visual-spatial/abstraction abilities, and executive/language functions. At the end of the treatment, the cytometric analysis showed an absolute/relative decrease in several cytokine markers of inflammation and oxidative stress markers (⋅O2–, H2O2, and ONOO−, ~30%) accompanied by an increase in NO bioavailability (100%). In agreement with the above findings by using the same technique, we observed in a similar magnitude an improvement of serum protein oxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage/repair, and apoptosis. Conclusion. In conclusion, we demonstrated that kefir improves cognitive deficits, which seems to be linked with three important factors of the AD—systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and blood cell damage—and may be a promising adjuvant therapy against the AD progression.

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Evaluation of Effect of Probiotics on Cytokine Levels in Critically Ill Children With Severe Sepsis: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial*

Abstract: Probiotics supplementation for 7 days resulted in significant decrease in proinflammatory and increase in antiinflammatory cytokines in children with severe sepsis.

Cited by 54 publications

References 51 publications

Elevated Interleukin-6 Levels within 72 Hours Post Admission Are Associated with Disease Progression in Nonseptic Critically Ill Children

Elevated Interleukin-6 Levels within 72 Hours Post Admission Are Associated with Disease Progression in Nonseptic Critically Ill Children

Inulin and metformin ameliorate polycystic ovary syndrome <i>via</i> anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota in mice

Oxidative Stress and Dementia in Alzheimer’s Patients: Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation

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