Evaluation of Efficient Operation for Electromechanical Brake Using Maximum Torque per Ampere Control

Baek, Seung-Koo; Oh, Hyun-Ju; Park, Joon‐Hyuk; Shin, Yujeong; Kim, Seog-Won

doi:10.3390/en12101869

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Similarly, adaptive algorithms were used to improve the estimation error of temperature changes and friction wear [27], improving operation safety and motor efficiency. A double-loop cascade control was proposed to address the non-linearity between the piston positions of hydraulic pressure [28] of the electrohydraulic brake system.…”

Section: Issn: 2302-9285 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brake by wire control with pedal feedback and brake boost

Abeysiriwardhana

Abeykoon

2021

Bulletin EEI

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"By wire" technology merged into multiple vehicular subsystems, including gear changing, drive, and braking systems. The brake by wire system is developed to overcome the problems associated with the integration of mechanical and hydraulic systems in novel vehicular systems. Even though brake by wire systems has potential advantages, the conventional brake systems' tactile sensation will be removed if migrated to the electrical by wire control scheme. This paper proposes a novel control mechanism that provides amplification of force, scaling of position replication, and a virtual spring-damper based pedal retraction which provides bilateral brake force feedback to the driver's pedal similar to the hydraulic brake system. The proposed system performance was simulated and tested using a bilateral teleoperation system with disturbance observers (DOB) and reaction force observers (RFOB). The proposed system provides pedal force amplification and brake force feedback to the driver's pedal using RFOBs. The virtual spring retracts the brake pedal, similar to a mechanical pedal retraction system. The system simulation and experimental results provide evidence of the proposed system's force amplification, position scaling, and pedal reaction capabilities.

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Section: Issn: 2302-9285 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brake by wire control with pedal feedback and brake boost

Abeysiriwardhana

Abeykoon

2021

Bulletin EEI

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“…Baek uses cascaded current, speed, and position controller to regulate EMB's three-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), and all control loops still use the proportional integral (PI) control method. However, the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control method is applied to the current controller to achieve high efficiency, the angle β is calculated from the total input current, and the synchronous frame d-q axis reference current is determined by the angle β. Consequently, the clamping force is increased by 19% at the same input current, and the total input power is reduced by approximately 40% at the same clamping force [67].…”

Section: Cascade Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Gong

Yan

et al. 2020

Actuators

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This paper reviews and summarizes the development, key technologies, and application of brake-by-wire (BBW) actuators. BBW is the technology orientation of future vehicle brake system. The main feature of BBW is to replace some of the mechanical and hydraulic components of traditional brake system with electronic control components, and use cables and wires to transmit energy and signals. BBW actuators have outstanding advantages, such as fast response, accurate control, and compact structure. They are easy to integrate with active safety functions and they are easily matched with the regenerative braking systems of electric vehicle. First, this paper summarizes the classification, characteristics, performance, and architecture of BBW actuators. Subsequently, the braking process regulation of vehicle is considered to be the main target, which is summarized from two aspects of actuator regulation and braking force distribution. The state estimation algorithm and control algorithm applied to these actuators are summarized and analyzed, and the development trend, challenges, and schemes of the braking force distribution are proposed. The development and research trend of braking force match strategies between the regenerative brake system and BBW system are also analyzed and summarized. The further electrification and intelligence of vehicle demand BBW's braking force control method and distribution method must have higher control accuracy, stronger robustness, and wider adaptability, and the effects on braking comfort and handling stability must be further discussed.Actuators 2020, 9, 15 2 of 24 new features [2,3]. The additional functions, such as ABS and ESP, require additional devices, such as high-speed solenoid valves, oil return pumps, and return lines. Therefore, the structure of hydraulic brake system is becoming increasingly complex, and the maintenance is also becoming more and more difficult [4,5]. At present, new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), are developing rapidly and are highly concerned by major automotive manufacturers. However, most electric vehicles still use hydraulic brake system. On the one hand, the electric vehicles cannot use vacuum boosters to provide auxiliary force. The electric hydraulic pump must first be used to increase the hydraulic pressure, and then delivers the high pressure to each wheel. The electric energy needs to be converted and then transmitted multiple times in this process, so the energy utilization efficiency is not high, and there is the potential danger of brake fluid leakage. On the other hand, the hydraulic brake system cannot accurately and independently regulate the braking force, so it cannot be well matched with the regenerative brake system of EV and HEV [6].Actuators 2020, 9, 15 2 of 24 hydraulic brake system is becoming increasingly complex, and the maintenance is also becoming more and more difficult [4,5]. At present, new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV)...

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“…After years of research, a large number of theoretical and experimental results have been obtained. However, EMB uses torque motor to provide power, which results in EMB having both motion conversion mechanism (rolling screw mechanism) and force/torque increase mechanism (wedge/gear mechanism) [20]. Therefore, EMB has complex structure, large size and heavy weight, and it is difficult to adjust the braking force, which limits the braking performance of vehicle [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Control of New Brake-by-Wire Actuator for Vehicle Based on Linear Motor and Lever Mechanism

Xiao

Gong

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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The brake-by-wire actuator was considered to be the next generation of vehicle brake, which uses cables to transmit signals and energy, and uses electric motor instead of hydraulic element or pneumatic element. This paper designs a new type of brake-by-wire actuator based on the special linear motor. First, the structure, composition and working principle of the linear motor are explained. Secondly, the caliper structure and amplification mechanism of the actuator are designed. Thirdly, the controller and control strategy based on dSPACE platform are introduced in detail. Finally, the electromechanical parameters of actuator were identified, and the experiment of the linear motor and brake-by-wire actuator were completed. The experiment results show that the new actuator has the advantages of fast braking response, low control difficulty and high control accuracy, etc. In conclusion, this paper provides a new design scheme for the brake-by-wire actuator, and has the potential to further research and replace the traditional hydraulic braking system.

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Evaluation of Efficient Operation for Electromechanical Brake Using Maximum Torque per Ampere Control

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Brake by wire control with pedal feedback and brake boost

Brake by wire control with pedal feedback and brake boost

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Design and Control of New Brake-by-Wire Actuator for Vehicle Based on Linear Motor and Lever Mechanism

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