Evaluation of Efficiently Removing Secondary Effluent Organic Matters (EfOM) by Al-Based Coagulant for Wastewater Recycling: A Case Study with an Industrial-Scale Food-Processing Wastewater Treatment Plant

Cheng, Yu; Cheng, Qiangqiang; Zhao, Chunsheng; Ren, Xianghao; Wang, Ye; Kou, Yingying; Chon, Kangmin; Ko, Myung-Han; Hwang, Moon-Hyun

doi:10.3390/membranes13050510

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Secondary structures of proteins from IR spectra in all fouling experiments were also quantified by deconvoluting the amide I region (1700–1600 cm –1 ) into individual peaks whose centers were identified by second derivative analysis (Section S16 in the SI). As shown in Figure c, the relative secondary structure amounts were close for membranes fouled by untreated wastewaters with 3 10 -turn structure predominating, similar to the earlier study . Interestingly, electrocoagulation sharply increased aggregated structures, probably owing to production of reactive oxygen intermediates such as hydroxyl radicals or ferryl iron via electroFenton chemistry .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…As shown in Figure 7c, the relative secondary structure amounts were close for membranes fouled by untreated wastewaters with 3 10 -turn structure predominating, similar to the earlier study. 86 Interestingly, electrocoagulation sharply increased aggregated structures, probably owing to production of reactive oxygen intermediates 87 such as hydroxyl radicals or ferryl iron via electroFenton chemistry. 88 Correspondingly, electrocoagulation noticeably increased the αhelix/β-sheet ratio from 132% to 226%, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity of the proteins.…”

Section: Acs Esandt Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indirect Evidence that Colloidal Deposition Inside a Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane Exacerbated Fouling during Municipal Wastewater Reclamation

Li,

Kim,

Joag

et al. 2023

ACS EST Eng.

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Ultrafiltration (UF) or microfiltration is often employed during potable reuse for reverse osmosis pretreatment, and their own fouling from organics and colloids present in the secondary wastewater effluent remains an unresolved issue. Herein, we compared the fouling of a hollow fiber UF membrane over multiple filtration–backwashing cycles caused by two different secondary-treated effluents having similar concentrations of effluent organic matter (EfOM) and dissolved constituents but substantially different turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and particle size distributions. Contrary to expectations, significantly worse fouling was caused by the less turbid (low TSS) wastewater, which was explained by the presence of particles that were smaller than the membrane pores. In this case, pore plugging was the dominant fouling mechanism, which was mechanistically quantified as “standard blocking,” i.e., colloid deposition inside the pores. On the other hand, fouling was negligible for the more turbid (high TSS) wastewater that contained particles larger than the pores. In this case, surface accumulation of colloids blocked pores, which was mechanistically quantified as “intermediate blocking.” Hence, the location of particle deposition was a crucial determinant of ultrafilter productivity when colloids combined with EfOM to (ir)reversibly foul membranes operating on real-world secondary effluents. Additionally, pretreatment by electrocoagulation and conventional coagulation mitigated (ir)reversible fouling by creating large flocs that deposited on the membrane surface, (i) allowing facile backwashing (i.e., reduced irreversible fouling) and (ii) forming a more permeable cake layer (i.e., reduced reversible fouling). Hence, UF productivity was primarily determined by colloid size relative to pore size in conjunction with secondary contributions from EfOM. Importantly, internal pore fouling within the membrane’s polymer matrix was more difficult to alleviate by hydraulic backwashing than by surface deposition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Acs Esandt Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Evidence that Colloidal Deposition Inside a Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane Exacerbated Fouling during Municipal Wastewater Reclamation

Li,

Kim,

Joag

et al. 2023

ACS EST Eng.

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show abstract

“…Additionally, the highest possible value added of the separated products is obtained to enhance the economy. This current Special Issue titled “Separation Techniques and Circular Economy” in Membranes presents the novel separation technologies involving the recovery of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) [ 1 ], calcium alginate (Ca-Alg) [ 2 ] in wastewater treatment, plasmid DNA in gene therapy [ 3 ], lactose in dairy industry [ 4 ], lactic acid (LA) in the fermented broth of kitchen waste [ 5 , 6 ], phenylalanine losses in neutralization dialysis (ND) [ 7 ], the removal of secondary effluent organic matter (EfOM) [ 8 ], and acetaldehyde (CH 3 CHO) in the atmosphere [ 9 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reuse of wastewater has been identified as an important initiative for the sustainable development of the environment; thus, the removal of secondary EfOM to ensure the safety of reused wastewater is the key step and a subject of extensive research. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and anionic polyacrylamide were selected as the coagulant and flocculant, respectively, for the treatment of secondary effluents from a food-processing industry WWTP to meet the standard regulatory specifications for water reuse [ 8 ]. This process is efficient and economically viable for EfOM removal to realize food-processing wastewater reuse.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%