Abstract:Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless node and this network is self-organising and configures multi-hop network. Basically each mobile node will be operated on battery. So for transmission and reception it will consume the nodes energy. Because of limited power it will drain faster. So to provide energy-efficient route between source and destination, the routing protocol must consider the residual energy of the node. In this paper, we first introduce an energy model to calculate the energy of the node than we propose the energy-efficient routing protocol by modifying the packet structure of AODV protocol. The performance of proposed protocol is analysed by using performance metrics that is routing overhead, energy consumption, end to end delay and packet delivery ratio.Keywords: mobile ad hoc network, multi-hop, AODV, unicast.
I. INTRODUCTIONMANET is wireless network which is collection of wireless mobile node and form a temporary network without aid of any established infrastructure or centralized administration. Ad Hoc wireless network has applications in emergency search and-rescue operations, decision making in the battlefield, data acquisition operations in hostile terrain, etc. It is featured by dynamic topology (insfrastructrureless), multi-hop communication; limited resources (bandwidth, CPU, battery, etc.) and limited security. These characteristics put special challenges in routing protocol design. The primary objectives of MANET routing protocols are to maximize network throughput, to maximize network lifetime, and to maximize delay. The network throughput is usually measured by packet delivery ratio while the most significant contribution to energy consumption is measured by routing overhead which is the number or size of routing control packets. A major challenge that a routing protocol designed for ad hoc wireless networks faces is resource constraints. Devices used in the ad hoc wireless networks in most cases require portability and hence they also have size and weight constraints along with the restrictions on the power source. In [1], the authors have been classified the energy consumption in MANET's in two ways: the active communication energy and inactive communication energy consumption where the energy is going to be consumed. In active communication energy is consumed by the reception and transmission of the packets and in inactive energy consumption, the node is idle but listen to the wireless medium. In [2], enhanced AODV routing protocol have been proposed in for improving the MANET lifetime. The authors of [3] said that sometimes the shortest route has been selected between source and destination path but every time it is not the best path. So they have proposed the enhanced -AODV routing protocol