Evaluation of Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease Virus Infection in Sentinel Calves from the San Joaquin Valley of California

Aradaib, Imadeldin E.; Mederos, R. A.; Osburn, Bennie

doi:10.1007/s11259-005-1202-y

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…16 Among domestic ruminants, cattle are the most important host for EHDV. Numerous sentinel animal studies and serologic surveys from many parts of the world suggest that infection of cattle with EHDV is common and widespread, 1,6,19,25,42,44,47,60 although global reports of EHD in cattle are historically rare. 7,27,43 The exception is EHDV-2 (strain Ibaraki), a distinct topotype that has caused periodic outbreaks of EHD in cattle in Japan and Korea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Host and Potential Vector Susceptibility to an Emerging Orbivirus in the United States

et al. 2015

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Epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (EHDVs) are orbiviruses transmitted by Culicoides biting midges to domestic and wild ruminants. EHDV-1 and EHDV-2 are endemic in the United States, where epizootic hemorrhagic disease is the most significant viral disease of white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) and reports of epizootic hemorrhagic disease in cattle are increasing. In 2006, a reassortant EHDV-6 was isolated from dead WTD in Indiana and has been detected each subsequent year over a wide geographic region. Since EHDV-6 is not a historically endemic serotype in the United States, it is important to understand infection outcome in potential hosts. Specifically, we aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of the virus in 2 primary US ruminant hosts (WTD and cattle) and the susceptibility of a confirmed US vector (Culicoides sonorensis). Five WTD and 4 cattle were inoculated with >10 6

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confidence: 99%

Host and Potential Vector Susceptibility to an Emerging Orbivirus in the United States

et al. 2015

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“…Cattle are likely the primary domestic ruminant host of EHDV in North America, on the basis of serological surveys and sentinel animal studies (Odiawa et al 1985, Shapiro et al 1991, Aradaib et al 2005, Boyer et al 2008, as well as outbreak investigations (Foster et al 1980, Metcalf et al 1992, House et al 1998, Shulaw and Zhang 2008 and the isolation of EHDV from diagnostic samples (DE Stallknecht, unpublished, DJ Johnson, unpublished). The primary outcome of infection in North American cattle appears to be subclinical infection or a mild-tomoderate transient febrile disease (Metcalf et al 1992, House et al 1998).…”

Section: Hosts: Ruminant Hosts In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and Epidemiology of Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease in North America: Current Perspectives, Research Gaps, and Future Directions

Ruder

Lysyk

Stallknecht

et al. 2015

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

110

156

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are arthropod-transmitted viruses in the genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae. These viruses infect a variety of domestic and wild ruminant hosts, although the susceptibility to clinical disease associated with BTV or EHDV infection varies greatly among host species, as well as between individuals of the same species. Since their initial detection in North America during the 1950s, these viruses have circulated in endemic and epidemic patterns, with occasional incursions to more northern latitudes. In recent years, changes in the pattern of BTV and EHDV infection and disease have forced the scientific community to revisit some fundamental areas related to the epidemiology of these diseases, specifically in relation to virus-vector-host interactions and environmental factors that have potentially enabled the observed changes. The aim of this review is to identify research and surveillance gaps that obscure our understanding of BT and EHD in North America.

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“…The high seroprevalence of EHDV infection among ruminants in endemic areas indicates that most ungulates survive infection with the virus and experience only subclinical infections (2,18,28,30,37,45,46,47,48,49,50,51). In Australia, for example, where six serotypes of EHDV have been recognised, and five of these for more than 30 years (54), clinical disease attributable to EHDV infection has not been recognised.…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, although serological surveys indicate that EHDV infection of wild and domestic ruminants is prevalent throughout western North America, such infections are invariably subclinical or asymptomatic, and it is an adenovirus, and not EHDV or bluetongue virus (BTV), that is the cause of the haemorrhagic disease syndrome that occurs commonly among black-tailed and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in the region (L.W. Woods,personal communication;18,28,36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epizootic haemorrhagic disease

Maclachlan¹,

Zientara²,

Savini³

et al. 2015

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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SummaryEpizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an arthropod-transmitted viral disease of certain wild ungulates, notably North American white-tailed deer and, more rarely, cattle. The disease in white-tailed deer results from vascular injury analogous to that caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), to which EHD virus (EHDV) is closely related. There are seven serotypes of EHDV recognised, and Ibaraki virus, which is the cause of sporadic disease outbreaks in cattle in Asia, is included in EHDV serotype 2. The global distribution and epidemiology of BTV and EHDV infections are also similar, as both viruses occur throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world where they are transmitted by biting Culicoides midges and infect a wide variety of domestic and wild ungulates. However, the global distribution and epidemiology of EHDV infection are less well characterised than they are for BTV. Whereas most natural and experimental EHDV infections (other than Ibaraki virus infection) of livestock are subclinical or asymptomatic, outbreaks of EHD have recently been reported among cattle in the Mediterranean Basin, Reunion Island, South Africa, and the United States. Accurate and convenient laboratory tests are increasingly available for the sensitive and specific serological and virological diagnosis of EHDV infection and confirmation of EHD in animals, but commercial vaccines are available only for prevention of Ibaraki disease and not for protection against other strains and serotypes of EHDV.

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Evaluation of Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease Virus Infection in Sentinel Calves from the San Joaquin Valley of California

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Host and Potential Vector Susceptibility to an Emerging Orbivirus in the United States

Host and Potential Vector Susceptibility to an Emerging Orbivirus in the United States

Transmission and Epidemiology of Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease in North America: Current Perspectives, Research Gaps, and Future Directions

Epizootic haemorrhagic disease

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