Evaluation of femoral perfusion in a non‐traumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model with T2*‐weighted dynamic MRI

Abstract

We evaluated femoral perfusion in a non-traumatic rabbit serum sickness osteonecrosis (ON) model, using serial repetitive T2*-weighted (T2'W) dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and investigated prediction of ON occurrence in early stages, comparing T2*W dynamic MRI with non-enhanced (T2-, T1-and fat suppression T1-weighted) and contrast-enhanced MRI. Early microcirculatory injury or necrotic lesion was detected in 0% of femora (extravasation, 0/6) at 72 h, 33%) (necrotic, 4/12) at 1 week and 100% (necrotic, 14/14) at 3 weeks using non-enhanced MRI, and in 67% of femora (extravasation, 4/6) at 72 h, 58% (necrotic, 7/12) at I week and 100% (necrotic, 14/14) at 3 weeks using contrast-enhanced MRI. In contrast, microcirculatory injury or necrotic lesion was detected in 83% of femora (extravasation, 5 / 6 ) at 72 h, 92% (necrotic, 11/12) at 1 week and 100% (necrotic, 14/14) at 3 weeks using T2'W dynamic MRI as no transient decrease or less marked transient decrease in signal intensity of regions of interest (ROIs), compared to normal femora, which showed a clear transient decrease in signal intensity of ROls. These results indicate that T2*W dynamic MRI with optimal imaging parameters and a dose of contrast agent is the most sensitive of these three MRI methods and may be clinically useful for evaluating femoral perfusion in artery phase and predicting ON occurrence.

Magnetic resonance perfusion and diffusion imaging characteristics of transient bone marrow edema, avascular necrosis and subchondral insufficiency fractures of the proximal femur

“…Neurogenic compression, non-traumatic reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and obstruction of venous return with localized hyperemia have been debated in the etiology of TBME [9], whereas a significant reduction or obliteration of blood supply is thought to be the major cause of non-traumatic femoral head AVN [10]. Since BME might be an associated finding in patients with AVN, some http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.07.017 0720-048X/© 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

MR perfusion and diffusion imaging for the diagnosis of benign and malignant bone tumors

“…Verstraete et al [3] had elaborated on this aspect as well showing there was perfusion overlap between benign and malignant bone tumors. Moreover, 3 of the 4 cases were diagnosed as benign according to ADCs.…”

“…First pass images provide diagnostically useful information by depicting tissue vascularisation and perfusion [3] . Geirnaerdt et al [8] and Van et al [10] reported that there were more tumoral neovascularisation with higher permeability in malignant tumors than it existed in benign lesions.…”

Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee in Macaca mulatta

“…Mechanically, ON may be induced by obstruction of the lateral epiphyseal blood vessels of femoral head (Oda et al 1996), or deep-freezing (Malizos et al 1993). Researchers have produced surgically induced experimental ON in rats (Oda et al 1996;Shabat et al 2004), rabbits (Kawamoto et al 2000;Kenzora et al 1978;Tsuji et al 2003), dogs (Malizos et al 1993), pigs (Schneider et al 2003), turkeys (Julian, 1985), and emu (Reed et al 2004). Although several experimental animal models have been developed for ON of the hip joint, there are limited animal models of SONK because it has been difficult to replicate the natural history of structural bone collapse seen in humans (Boss and Misselevich, 2003;Mihara and Hirano, 1998;Oda et al 1996;Reed et al 2004).…”