Evaluation of fetal and uteroplacental blood flow

Geipel, A.; Gembruch, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-51829-3.00011-8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…16,19,38,39 Here, we examined the IVIM-based flow velocity metrics with GA. It is known that in the normal pregnancy, the placental vascular resistance decreases progressively throughout gestation due to the increase and dilation in villous vascularization, 40 and the umbilical-artery SD and PI decreases with gestation. 41 Given the relationship between placental flow velocities and SD/PI described above, the positive GA dependence for v b and f NC •D* NC and negative GA dependence for f FC •D* FC were expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the ballistic microcirculation in placenta using flow‐compensated and non‐compensated intravoxel incoherent motion imaging

Jiang

Sun

Liao

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging is widely used to evaluate microcirculatory flow, which consists of diffusive and ballistic flow components. We proposed a joint use of flow-compensated (FC) and non-compensated (NC) diffusion gradients to probe the fraction and velocity of ballistic flow in the placenta. Methods: Forty pregnant women were included in this study and scanned on a 1.5T clinical scanner. FC and NC diffusion MRI (dMRI) sequences were achieved using a pair of identical or mirrored bipolar gradients. A joint FC-NC model was established to estimate the fraction (f b) and velocity (v b) of the ballistic flow. Conventional IVIM parameters (f, D, and D*) were obtained from the FC and NC data, separately. The v b and f•D*, as placental flow velocity measurements, were correlated with the umbilical-artery Doppler ultrasound indices and gestational ages. Results: The ballistic flow component can be observed from the difference between the FC and NC dMRI signal decay curves. v b fitted from the FC-NC model showed strong correlations with umbilical-artery impedance indices, the systolic-to-diastolic (SD) ratio and pulsatility index (PI), with correlation coefficients of 0.65 and 0.62. The f•D* estimated from the NC data positively correlated with SD and PI, while the FC-based f•D* values showed weak negative correlations. Significant gestationalage dependence was also found in the flow velocity measurements. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the feasibility of using FC and NC dMRI to noninvasively measure ballistic flow velocity in the placenta, which may be used as a new marker to evaluate placenta microcirculation. K E Y W O R D S ballistic flow, flow-compensation, flow velocity, intravoxel incoherent motion, placenta | 405 JIANG et Al. How to cite this article: Jiang L, Sun T, Liao Y, et al. Probing the ballistic microcirculation in placenta using flow-compensated and non-compensated intravoxel incoherent motion imaging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the ballistic microcirculation in placenta using flow‐compensated and non‐compensated intravoxel incoherent motion imaging

Jiang

Sun

Liao

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…Downstream vascular resistance can be determined by calculating the pulsatility index. A decreased pulsatility index within the MCA indicates blood vessel dilation and hence indicates brain sparing [ 65 ]. However, research investigating the patterns of redistribution of blood flow suggests that dilation of the MCA is evidence of an advanced stage of brain sparing [ 7 , 66 ], which is linked to worsening fetal hypoxaemia and poor postnatal outcomes including brain injury [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Detection Of Brain Sparing In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Implications of Growth Restriction: Mechanisms and Potential Treatments

Rock

White

Piscopo

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common complication of pregnancy, resulting in a fetus that fails to reach its genetically determined growth potential. Whilst the fetal cardiovascular response to acute hypoxia is well established, the fetal defence to chronic hypoxia is not well understood due to experiment constraints. Growth restriction results primarily from reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to the developing fetus, resulting in chronic hypoxia. The fetus adapts to chronic hypoxia by redistributing cardiac output via brain sparing in an attempt to preserve function in the developing brain. This review highlights the impact of brain sparing on the developing fetal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, as well as emerging long-term effects in offspring that were growth restricted at birth. Here, we explore the pathogenesis associated with brain sparing within the cerebrovascular system. An increased understanding of the mechanistic pathways will be critical to preventing neuropathological outcomes, including motor dysfunction such as cerebral palsy, or behaviour dysfunctions including autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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Evaluation of fetal and uteroplacental blood flow

Cited by 2 publications

References 55 publications

Probing the ballistic microcirculation in placenta using flow‐compensated and non‐compensated intravoxel incoherent motion imaging

Probing the ballistic microcirculation in placenta using flow‐compensated and non‐compensated intravoxel incoherent motion imaging

Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Implications of Growth Restriction: Mechanisms and Potential Treatments

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