Evaluation of flexural properties and characterisation of 10-mm thin geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag

Yong-Sing, Ng; Yun-Ming, Liew; Cheng-Yong, Heah; Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri; Chan, Lynette Wei Ling; Hui-Teng, Ng; Shee-Ween, Ong; Wan-En, Ooi; Yong-Jie, Hang

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.08.016

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Important changes in the peak were observed in the range of 2θ = 27 °and 33 °. e results of the XRD analysis of the investigated LFS are also comparable with the results reported in a previous study [49]. Calcium and silicates under various allotropic forms were the major compounds available in LFS.…”

Section: Mineralogical Composition Of Test Materialssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…e mean and median particle sizes of raw LFS are 59.2 μm and 73.7 μm, respectively. e SEM test results also indicate that raw LFS comprises coarser-sized particles than CEM-I [49]. erefore, the material was sieved using a 75 μm sieve to get the finer part as the size of the particles plays a vital role in the reactions in cementitious media and influences hardened mortar properties [41,50].…”

Section: Particle Size Distribution (Psd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher amount of CaO content has the contribution in developing C-S-H gel. Besides, the reaction between CaO and CO 2 is the cause of forming calcite [49].…”

Section: Mineralogical Composition Of Test Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Ladle Furnace Slag in Mortar under Standard and Accelerated Curing

Sultana

Islam

2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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This research preliminarily investigated the suitability of a locally available ladle furnace slag (LFS) as a partial replacement of cement in mortar. The raw material was first characterized to obtain its chemical and physical properties through particle size distribution, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Later, the raw LFS was classified into two categories: (i) raw LFS and (ii) sieved (passing through #200 sieve) LFS and incorporated in mortars as a partial replacement of cement. Mortar prisms with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 50% LFS (raw and sieved) were prepared and cured under normal temperature (NTC) for 7, 28, and 56 days. Additional mortar prisms (with raw and sieved LFS) were prepared by curing them under high-temperature accelerated curing (HTAC) for 7 days. The characterization tests suggest that CaO, SiO2, MgO, and Al2O3 are the main compounds of raw LFS used in this study. The mineralogical phases present in the raw slag are calcio-olivine, akermanite, α -quartz, merwinite, magnetite (Fe3O4), and calcium-aluminium oxide. Both raw and sieved LFS-blended mortars yield good consistency up to 25% cement replacement in mortars. The compressive strength of NTC mortar suggests that 5% and 10% replacement of cement with raw and sieved LFS yields higher strength than the control mortar. Seven days strengths of raw and sieved LFS blended mortars obtained for HTAC are closely comparable to that of 28 days under NTC. This study recommends that LFS could be a sustainable supplementary material to use as a partial replacement of cement in mortar, preferably up to a level of 15% for standard works.

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Section: Mineralogical Composition Of Test Materialssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Particle Size Distribution (Psd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Ladle Furnace Slag in Mortar under Standard and Accelerated Curing

Sultana

Islam

2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…The value 6.5 MPa was a medium-high value that fell in the range of flexural strength of many admixed systems that present elements such as silica fume, steel fibers, nano-silica, etc. [ 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrapment of Acridine Orange in Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer: A Feasibility Study

et al. 2023

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Few studies have explored the immobilization of organic macromolecules within the geopolymer matrix, and some have found their chemical instability in the highly alkaline geopolymerization media. The present work reports on the feasibility of encapsulating the potentially toxic acridine orange (AO) dye in a metakaolin based geopolymer while maintaining its structural integrity. The proper structural, chemical, and mechanical stabilities of the final products were ascertained using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TGA/DTG), and mechanical analyses, whereas the dye integrity and its stability inside the geopolymer were investigated by the UV-Vis analysis. In addition, the antimicrobial activity was investigated. The FT-IR and XRD analyses confirmed the geopolymerization occurrence, whereas the TGA/DTG and mechanical (compressive and flexural) strength revealed that the addition of 0.31% (AO mg/ sodium silicate L) of AO to the fresh paste did not affect the thermal stability and the mechanical properties (above 6 MPa in flexural strength and above 20 MPa for compressive strength) of the hardened product. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that the dye did not undergo chemical degradation nor was it released from the geopolymer matrix. The results reported herein provide a useful approach for the safe removal of toxic macromolecules by means of encapsulation within the geopolymer matrix.

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“…The alkali activator was prepared by mixing 12 M NaOH solution with liquid Na 2 SiO 3 at Na 2 SiO 3 /NaOH ratio of 4.0. The mixing compositions used were based on our previously reported work [29]. The borax decahydrate was added at 2 wt.%, 4 wt.%, 6 wt.% and 8 wt.% into the geopolymer slurry and stirred until homogenous paste was achieved.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Thin Fa/lfs Geopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates

et al. 2022

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This paper elucidates the influence of borax decahydrate addition on the flexural and thermal properties of 10 mm thin fly ash/ladle furnace slag (FAS) geopolymers. The borax decahydrate (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) was incorporated to produce FAB geopolymers. Heat treatment was applied with temperature ranges of 300 °C, 600 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C and 1100 °C. Unexposed FAB geopolymers experienced a drop in strength due to a looser matrix with higher porosity. However, borax decahydrate inclusion significantly enhanced the flexural performance of thin geopolymers after heating. FAB2 and FAB8 geopolymers reported higher flexural strength of 26.5 MPa and 47.8 MPa, respectively, at 1000 °C as compared to FAS geopolymers (24.1 MPa at 1100 °C). The molten B2O3 provided an adhesive medium to assemble the aluminosilicates, improving the interparticle connectivity which led to a drastic strength increment. Moreover, the borax addition reduced the glass transition temperature, forming more refractory crystalline phases at lower temperatures. This induced a significant strength increment in FAB geopolymers with a factor of 3.6 for FAB8 at 900 °C, and 4.0 factor for FAB2 at 1000 °C, respectively. Comparatively, FAS geopolymers only achieved 3.1 factor in strength increment at 1100 °C. This proved that borax decahydrate could be utilized in the high strength development of thin geopolymers.

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Evaluation of flexural properties and characterisation of 10-mm thin geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag

Cited by 33 publications

References 52 publications

Performance of Ladle Furnace Slag in Mortar under Standard and Accelerated Curing

Performance of Ladle Furnace Slag in Mortar under Standard and Accelerated Curing

Entrapment of Acridine Orange in Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer: A Feasibility Study

Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates

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