Evaluation of forward head posture in sitting and standing positions

Abstract

Our results indicated that the CVA was increased in the sitting posture compared to the standing posture and introduced the standing posture as a more sensitive posture to evaluate the FHP.

Relationship between Forward Head Posture and Tissue Mechanosensitivity: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The average CCA was 52.3 • in the control group and 44.6 • in the FHP group, which are rather similar to the ones observed by Shaghayegh et al [29] in 2016. According to the classification proposed by Salahzadeh et al [30], the FHP group in the present study had severe-moderate FHP.…”

Psychometric Proprieties of a Mobile Application to Measure the Craniovertebral Angle a Validation and Reliability Study

“…It is estimated that more than half of the world’s population suffers from cervicalgia at some time in their life [ 5 ]. Cervical pain is related to posture and poor body alignment at that position [ 6 , 7 ]. Forward head posture (FHP) is one of the most common postural disorders of the cervical spine [ 8 ].…”

“…Classically, cervical posture has been evaluated by measuring three angles: The craniovertebral angle (CV), the cervical inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the head. The CV angle is the best indicator of FHP [ 6 ]. To determine this angle, two references are defined: One line that runs from the swallow of the ear to seventh cervical vertebra (C7) and another horizontal line parallel to the ground that passes only through the spinous apophysis of C7 [ 6 ].…”

Female Office Workers With Moderate Neck Pain Have Increased Anterior Positioning of the Cervical Spine and Stiffness of Upper Trapezius Myofascial Tissue in Sitting Posture

“…CVA was measured by the photometric method based on standards described in the available literature. In general, measuring the CVA in the standing position is considered a more sensitive method of FHP evaluation than in the sitting position . Each subject was asked to stand naturally.…”

“…CVA was measured on the photographs between the line connecting the seventh cervical vertebra and the tragus of the right ear and the line running horizontally through the C7 process. It is important is to note that a CVA smaller than 48° is accepted as indicative of FHP . Myofascial stiffness (Newtons per meter) was calculated as the product of maximum acceleration of soft tissue oscillation and mass of the probe divided by maximum tissue displacement.…”