Evaluation of fungicides for management of boxwood blight caused by Calonectria spp. under field conditions in Northern Germany

Brand, Thomas; Beltz, Heinrich; Adhikari, Urmila; Daughtrey, Margery; Luster, Douglas G.; Kong, Ping; Hong, Chuanxue

doi:10.1007/s41348-022-00691-8

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…Current agrochemicals applied in crop farms consist of inorganic formulations or organic compounds produced by chemical synthesis [ 13 , 14 ]. The control of the Calonectria species is carried out by application of azoles and analogs, which sometimes do not meet with government approval [ 15 ]. The Colletotrichum species may be managed by removing dead leaves and a further spraying of tebuconazole [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity of Menisporopsin A against Relevant Plant Pathogens

Rodriguez,

Barrios-Jaén,

Mejía

et al. 2024

JoF

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Current agrochemicals used in crop farming mainly consist of synthetic compounds with harmful effects on the environment and human health. Crop-associated fungal endophytes, which play many ecological roles including defense against pathogens, represent a promising source for bioactive and ecologically safer molecules in agrochemical discovery. The methanolic extract of the endophyte Menisporopsis sp. LCM 1078 was evaluated in vitro against the plant pathogens Boeremia exigua, Calonectria variabilis, Colletotrichum theobromicola, Colletotrichum tropicale, and Mycena cytricolor. Bioassay-guided isolation using chromatographic techniques followed by detailed chemical characterization by NMR and mass spectrometry led to the identification of menisporopsin A, which showed inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner against the five fungal pathogens including an endophytic strain (Colletotrichum tropicale), with MIC values in the range of 0.63–10.0 μg/mL showing a potency equivalent to the broadly employed agrochemical mancozeb.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity of Menisporopsin A against Relevant Plant Pathogens

Rodriguez,

Barrios-Jaén,

Mejía

et al. 2024

JoF

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Cultivars and Production Environments Shape Shoot Endophyte Profiles of Boxwood with Different Blight Resistance

Li,

Weiland,

Ohkura

et al. 2024

PhytoFrontiers™

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Phyllosphere colonizers, including bacteria and fungi, are critical for plant growth and health. Yet, how they are affected simultaneously by host plant cultivar, local environment and agricultural practices was not well understood. We used boxwood, an iconic landscape plant and a major evergreen shrub crop in the U.S. nursery industry, as a model plant, and sequenced 16S rRNA and ITS amplicons to examine the assemblages of endophytic bacteria and fungi in the shoots of four cultivars representing three levels of boxwood blight resistance under two distinct climates and production systems in Oregon and Virginia. Cultivar and local environment were the two main drivers shaping the composition and structure of the boxwood endophytic microbial community, particularly the fungal community. Three bacterial and seven fungal genera were consistently identified with high prevalence and abundance as the core taxa from four cultivars and two locations across three sampling times. The microbial composition varied among the levels of boxwood blight resistance and taxa specific to the tolerant cultivar were fewer compared to the susceptible one. Identification of these microbial indicators, along with the core taxa, is foundational for developing a microbiome-based plant breeding program and a systems approach to improve boxwood health and production under a changing climate.

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Investigating weather variables driving boxwood blight epidemics: Insights from field trials with Buxus sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’ in northern Germany between 2006 and 2020

Khaliq,

Brand,

Daughtrey

et al. 2024

Plant Pathology

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Boxwood blight is a highly invasive disease, but studies on host–pathogen–environment interactions are rare because the initial research emphasis has been on developing resistant cultivars and chemical control of the disease. We used generalized additive models to investigate weather variables driving boxwood blight epidemics in field trials conducted between 2006 and 2020. Briefly, three or four replicate rows with 10 boxwood plants per row were planted in 0.75 m2 plots. Plants were artificially inoculated in 2006, while those in subsequent years were naturally infected with inoculum left over from previous trials. Disease severity was assessed by estimating the percentage of leaves blighted, including fallen leaves. There was a significant positive main effect of mean rainfall per rainy day, daily minimum temperatures and daily minimum relative humidity on disease severity observed over individual field trial periods. There was a significant negative interaction effect of mean rainfall per rainy day and daily maximum wind speed, and daily minimum relative humidity and daily minimum temperature on disease severity. Higher disease severity was associated with higher mean rainfall per rainy day and lower daily maximum wind speed. Likewise, an increase in daily minimum relative humidity at lower daily minimum temperatures was associated with a greater increase in disease severity than at higher temperatures, suggesting that higher temperatures resulted in lower humidity that led, in turn, to less disease severity. The implications of our findings for forecasting models and conservation of boxwood are discussed.

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Evaluation of fungicides for management of boxwood blight caused by Calonectria spp. under field conditions in Northern Germany

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Antifungal Activity of Menisporopsin A against Relevant Plant Pathogens

Antifungal Activity of Menisporopsin A against Relevant Plant Pathogens

Cultivars and Production Environments Shape Shoot Endophyte Profiles of Boxwood with Different Blight Resistance

Investigating weather variables driving boxwood blight epidemics: Insights from field trials with Buxus sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’ in northern Germany between 2006 and 2020

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