Evaluation of gamma radiation-induced DNA damage in <i>Aedes aegypti</i> using the comet assay

Shetty, Vinaya; Shetty, N.J.; Ananthanarayana, S. R.; Jha, S. K.; Chaubey, R.C.

doi:10.1177/0748233717733599

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Reduced longevity following exposure to high doses of radiation have been reported previously in Ae . aegypti [47, 48] and Ae . albopictus [49, 50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of irradiation dose to Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in a sterile insect technique program

et al. 2019

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The sterile insect technique (SIT) may offer a means to control the transmission of mosquito borne diseases. SIT involves the release of male insects that have been sterilized by exposure to ionizing radiation. We determined the effects of different doses of radiation on the survival and reproductive capacity of local strains of Aedes aegypti and Ae . albopictus in southern Mexico. The survival of irradiated pupae was invariably greater than 90% and did not differ significantly in either sex for either species. Irradiation had no significant adverse effects on the flight ability (capacity to fly out of a test device) of male mosquitoes, which consistently exceeded 91% in Ae . aegypti and 96% in Ae . albopictus . The average number of eggs laid per female was significantly reduced in Ae . aegypti at doses of 15 and 30 Gy and no eggs were laid by females that had been exposed to 50 Gy. Similarly, in Ae . albopictus , egg production was reduced at doses of 15 and 25 Gy and was eliminated at 35 Gy. In Ae . aegypti , fertility in males was eliminated at 70 Gy and was eliminated at 30 Gy in females, whereas in Ae . albopictus , the fertility of males that mated with untreated females was almost zero (0.1%) in the 50 Gy treatment and female fertility was eliminated at 35 Gy. Irradiation treatments resulted in reduced ovary length and fewer follicles in both species. The adult median survival time of both species was reduced by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. However, sterilizing doses of 35 Gy and 50 Gy resulted in little reduction in survival times of males of Ae . albopictus and Ae . aegypti , respectively, indicating that these doses should be suitable for future evaluations of SIT-based control of these species. The results of the present study will be applied to studies of male sexual competitiveness and to stepwise evaluations of the sterile insect technique for population suppression of these vectors in Mexico.

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“…Reduced longevity following exposure to high doses of radiation have been reported previously in Ae . aegypti [47, 48] and Ae . albopictus [49, 50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of irradiation dose to Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in a sterile insect technique program

et al. 2019

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“…Shetty et al . 62 evaluated the gamma radiation induced DNA damage in Aedes aegypti using comet assay. All these studies used insect as a model to check toxicity of pollutants and other toxic chemicals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophyllum commune induced genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in Spodoptera litura

Kaur

Chadha

Kaur

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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In search for ecofriendly alternatives to chemical insecticides the present study was conducted to assess the insecticidal potential of an endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune and its mechanism of toxicity by studying genotoxic and cytotoxic effects as well as repair potential using Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) as a model. Different endophytic fungi were isolated and tested for their insecticidal potential against S. litura. Among the tested endophytic fungi maximum mortality against S. litura was exhibited by S. commune isolated from Aloe vera. Extended development, reduced adult emergence was observed in larvae fed on diet supplemented with fungal extract. In addition to it the fungus also has propensity to increase oxidative stress which leads to significantly higher DNA damage. The significantly lower frequency of living haemocytes and increased frequency of apoptotic and necrotic cells was also observed in larvae treated with fungal extract. The extent of recovery of damage caused by fungus was found to be very low indicating long term effect of treatment. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various phenolics, terpenoids and protein in fungal extract. Biosafety analysis indicated the non toxic nature of extract. This is the first report showing the insecticidal potential of S. commune and the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects associated with it.

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“…For some samples we had to combine results from two different dates to have enough nuclei for statistical analysis (Table S6). We dissected testes from approximately 8 flies from each treatment within one hour of radiation treatment to minimize the opportunity for breakage repair (Shetty et al . 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three recent sex chromosome-to-autosome fusions in aDrosophila virilisstrain with high satellite content

Flynn

Clark

2021

Preprint

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Repetitive satellite DNA is highly variable both within and between species, and is often located near centromeres. However, the abundance or array length of satellite DNA may be constrained or have maximum limits. Drosophila virilis contains among the highest relative satellite abundances, with almost half its genome composed of three related 7 bp satellites. We discovered a strain of D. virilis that has 15% more pericentromeric satellite DNA compared to other strains, and also underwent two independent centromere-to-centromere sex chromosome fusion events. These fusions are presumably caused by DNA breakage near the pericentromeric satellites followed by repair using similar repetitive regions of nonhomologous chromosomes. We hypothesized that excess satellite DNA might increase the risk of DNA breaks and genome instability when stressed, which would be consistent with the apparent high rate of fusions we found in this strain. To directly quantify DNA breakage levels between strains with different satellite DNA abundances, we performed the comet assay after feeding flies gemcitabine and administering low-dose gamma radiation. We found a positive correlation between the rate of DNA breakage and satellite DNA abundance. This was further supported by a significant decrease in DNA breakage in an otherwise genetically identical substrain that lost the chromosome fusion and several megabases of satellite DNA. We find that the centromere-to-centromere fusions resulted in up to a 21% nondisjunction rate between the X and Y chromosomes in males, adding a fitness cost. Finally, we propose a model consistent with our data that implicates genome instability as a critical evolutionary constraint to satellite abundance.

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Evaluation of gamma radiation-induced DNA damage in Aedes aegypti using the comet assay

Cited by 26 publications

References 49 publications

Optimization of irradiation dose to Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in a sterile insect technique program

Optimization of irradiation dose to Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in a sterile insect technique program

Schizophyllum commune induced genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in Spodoptera litura

Three recent sex chromosome-to-autosome fusions in aDrosophila virilisstrain with high satellite content

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