Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Absorption and Metabolism

Zimmerman, Cheryl L.; Wen, Yandong; Soria, Immaculada; Pithavala, Yazdi K.

doi:10.3109/03602539709002239

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…The risk for AED‐induced allergic skin rash is high in HIV‐seropositive individuals (Romanelli et al, 2000; Romanelli & Ryan, 2002). Gastrointestinal disorders are also frequent in HIV infection and these may lead to poor absorption of AEDs (Zimmerman et al, 1997). The HIV‐induced alterations of blood–brain barrier integrity are common during the late stage of disease and may potentially increase the CNS penetration of AEDs; however, the clinical significance of this phenomenon is uncertain (Hurwitz et al, 1994).…”

Section: Antiepileptic Drug (Aed) Use In Hiv‐seropositive Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures in HIV‐seropositive individuals: NIMHANS experience and review

Satishchandra

Sinha

2008

Epilepsia

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Summary Seizures are not uncommon in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and with the upsurge in HIV infection this may be an important cause for acute symptomatic seizures. Seizures may rarely be the presenting manifestation of HIV infection. Opportunistic infections such as toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML), cryptococcal meningitis and polymicrobial infections, metabolic and electrolyte disturbances, and drugs are common causes of new‐onset seizures in HIV‐seropositive individuals. In the absence of any cause, primary HIV infection may be considered responsible for seizures. Because seizures tend to recur in and because they are a poor prognostic indicator in HIV infection, treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is the norm. The treatment of HIV‐infected individuals with seizures comprises of the administration of AEDs, specific treatment of the underlying conditions, and antiretroviral drugs. Clinicians must consider both therapy‐compromising drug–drug and drug–disease interactions while choosing appropriate AEDs. The ideal AED in this setting is one that does not affect viral replication, have limited protein binding, and have no effects on the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme system. The risks for AED‐induced allergic skin rash appears to be high in HIV‐seropositive individuals.

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Section: Antiepileptic Drug (Aed) Use In Hiv‐seropositive Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures in HIV‐seropositive individuals: NIMHANS experience and review

Satishchandra

Sinha

2008

Epilepsia

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Absorption

Handbook of Essential Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism for Industrial Scientists

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Therapeutic dilemma

Romanelli

Jennings

Nath³

et al. 2000

Neurology

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ARTICLE ABSTRACT: The concurrent use of anticonvulsants and antiretrovirals is a poorly studied area that poses a therapeutic dilemma for the clinician caring for HIV-positive patients requiring both classes of medications. Anticonvulsants and antiretrovirals may interact through multiple mechanisms including competition for protein binding, enhanced or reduced liver metabolism, and increased viral replication. The authors present many of the challenges faced by clinicians caring for HIV-positive patients who may require anticonvulsant therapy.

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Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Absorption and Metabolism

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Seizures in HIV‐seropositive individuals: NIMHANS experience and review

Seizures in HIV‐seropositive individuals: NIMHANS experience and review

Absorption

Therapeutic dilemma

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