Evaluation of Gastroprotective Activity of Linoleic Acid on Gastric Ulcer in a Mice Model

Abstract

Background: Gastric ulcer has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it has been linked to factors such as nutritional deficiency, smoking, stress, and continuous intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The search for new anti-ulcer therapeutic agents has been the subject of several studies. Recently, the gastroprotective effect of Celtis iguanaea has been reported, with linoleic acid (LA) responsible for many of the therapeutic effects of this medicinal plant. Aim: This study aims to investigate the gastroprotective activity and the possible mechanisms in which LA may be involved, through different experimental assays in mice. Methods: The gastroprotective activity LA was evaluated in the ulcer induced by indomethacin, HCl/EtOH, hypothermicrestraint stress and pyloric ligation. For the gastroprotective mechanisms investigation the quantification of the volume (mL), pH and total acidity of gastric secretion were considered. Results: The oral administrations of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg of body weight of LA were capable of protecting the gastric mucosa against HCl/ethanol (10 mL/kg p.o.), and oral administrations of 50 mg/kg LA showed protection from ulcers induced by indomethacin, hypothermic-restraint stress and pyloric ligation. Conclusion: The results of this study show the gastroprotective role of LA in gastric mucosal damage induced by all assayed distresses. The observed gastroprotection possibly occurs due to the mediated increase of mucosal defensive factors.

Evaluation of Gastroprotective Activity of the Methanolic Extract of Justicia pectoralis Jacq. (Acanthaceae)

“…Indomethacin is part of the class of non-selective NSAIDs, which are widely used in inflammatory processes, pain, and fever [29]. However, several adverse reactions are attributed to this pharmacological class, especially peptic ulcers [3,30]. About 90% of ulcer development is attributed to these medications [29].…”

“…Non-selective NSAIDs inhibit the production of cyclooxygenases, with two isoforms (COX-1 and COX-2), of which COX-1 is called constitutive (responsible for gastric epithelial cytoprotection and hemostasis) and COX-2 is called inducible [3]. The inhibition of COX-1 decreases the level of PGs, consequently reducing the protection of the integrity of the gastric mucosa [3,30,32]. PGE 2 , which is produced from arachidonic acid, is well recognized for having an important protective factor involved in the repair of damaged gastric mucosa, as it exerts a vasodilator effect, as well as increasing blood flow to the surface of the stomach mucosa, in addition to from inhibiting to strengthening gastric acid [33].…”

Protective Effects of Aqueous Extracts of the Herb of Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. against HCl/EtOH-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats: Involvement and Inhibitors’ Identification of NF-κB Signaling

“…Te HCl/ EtOH-induced gastric ulcer is commonly used and considered as a reliable model for studying the pathogenesis of gastritis and gastric ulcers, for its superiority in rapid induction of ulcer which greatly resembles gastric mucosal damage in human beings [59]. Although inconsistent with therapeutic treatment as common human-used drugs, prophylactic treatment, and dosing arrangement are widely accepted in recent experimental studies for primary efcacy evaluation [60,61]. In our further study, a therapeutic treatment in model animals is warranted to evaluate the pharmacodynamic characteristics of PS-AE.…”

Chemical Composition of Cactus Pear Seed Oil: phenolics identification and antioxidant activity

“…Linoleic acid (ω-6) and α-linolenic (ω-3) are essential fatty acids that are fundamental for human structural and metabolic functions. Hartley demonstrated that ω-6 fatty acids may be significantly involved in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases [ 17 ], and Martins et al reported that ω-6 could also protect gastric mucosa against ulceration [ 18 ]. In addition, oleic acid (ω-9) is the major monounsaturated fatty acid in CPSO.…”