Evaluation of genetic diversity in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers

Abstract

ABStrACt. Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., commonly called jackfruit, is a medium-sized evergreen tree that bears high yields of the largest known edible fruit. Yet, it has been little explored commercially due to wide variation in fruit quality. The genetic diversity and genetic relatedness of 50 jackfruit accessions were studied using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Of 16 primer pairs evaluated, eight were selected for screening of genotypes based on the number and quality of polymorphic fragments produced. These primer combinations produced 5976 bands, 1267 (22%) of which were polymorphic. Among the jackfruit accessions, the similarity coefficient ranged from 0.137 to 0.978; the accessions also shared a large number of monomorphic fragments (78%). Cluster analysis and principal component analysis grouped all jackfruit genotypes into three major clusters. Cluster I included the genotypes grown in a jackfruit region of Karnataka, called Tamaka, with very dry conditions; cluster II contained the genotypes collected from locations having medium to heavy rainfall in Karnataka; cluster III grouped the genotypes in distant locations with different environmental conditions. Strong coincidence of these amplified fragment length polymorphism-based groupings with geographical localities as well as morphological characters was observed. We found moderate genetic diversity in these jackfruit accessions. This information should be useful for tree breeding programs, as part of our effort to popularize jackfruit as a commercial crop.

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Diversity in Bangladesh: Land Use and Artificial Selection1

“…As an underutilized crop, jackfruit has escaped intensive selection and cultivation. For these reasons, a wide range of genetic and morphological variation has been reported for jackfruit (Azad 1999;Azad et al 2007;Hossain 1996;IPGRI 2000;Jagadeesh et al 2006;Saha et al 1996;Schnell et al 2001;Shyamalamma et al 2008;Ullah and Haque 2008). All of these studies indicate that both within and between population variation exists.…”

Genetic diversity of Broussonetia papyrifera populations in southwest China

“…B. papyrifera has a wide distribution, but it is scattered in southwest China. Based on ISSR analysis, the overall genetic diversity is relative-ly high at the species level (PPB: 96%) compared with other Moraceae species, such as Ficus carica (PPB: 72.23%) (Salhi-Hannachi et al, 2006), Morus serrata (PPB: 67%) (Vijayan et al, 2004), Artocarpus heterophyllus (PPB: 22%) (Shyamalamma et al, 2008), and Artocarpus altilis (PPB: 85%) (Sreekumar et al, 2007). However, the genetic diversity is relatively low at the population level (PPB: 53.2%, H E : 0.1826, I: 0.2735).…”

Development of microsatellite loci in Artocarpus altilis (Moraceae) and cross‐amplification in congeneric species

“…The origin of jackfruit is unclear, but it is likely native to the Indian subcontinent ( Jarrett, 1959 ). Even with morphological descriptors, accurate breadfruit cultivar identifi cation remains diffi cult ( Jones et al, 2013 ), and little is known about jackfruit genetic diversity ( Shyamalamma et al, 2008 ). Despite the fact that breadfruit and jackfruit are in different Artocarpus subgenera ( Zerega et al, 2010 ), several primers cross-amplifi ed well and showed polymorphisms, suggesting they might be useful in additional Artocarpus species.…”