Evaluation of genetic structure of Korean wild soybean (Glycine soja) based on saponin allele polymorphism

Comparison of saponin composition and content in wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) before and after germination

“…4) The Sg-1 locus adds xylose and glucose at the terminal position of the C-22 sugar chain of SS-A by co-dominant alleles Sg-1 a and Sg-1 b , respectively. 21) The Sg-4 locus attaches the second sugar (arabinose) of the C-3 sugar chain of all soyasapogenols.…”

“…21) The Sg-4 locus attaches the second sugar (arabinose) of the C-3 sugar chain of all soyasapogenols. [4][5][6] The Sg-6 locus is assumed to directly and/or indirectly control the presence of SS-H, SS-I, and SS-J. 6) We attempt to describe the soyasaponin genes activity in qualitative manner on the basis of the presence of diverse saponin components.…”

“…Several structurally diverse groups of soyasaponins have been identified from the seeds of the subgenus Soja which includes the cultivated and wild soybean. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Based on the aglycone structure, soyasaponins have been classified into group A, DDMP (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one), group H, group I, and group J saponins (Fig. 1).…”

“…The polymorphism of the common saponin composition (saponin phenotype) of seed hypocotyl can be well explained by the combination of six allelic genes Sg-1 a /Sg-1 b , Sg-4/sg-4, and Sg-6/sg-6 on three loci Sg-1, Sg-4, and Sg-6, respectively. [4][5][6] Based on these three gene loci, the genotype of the common saponin phenotypes is designated as follows: Sg-1 a /sg-4/sg-6 (phenotype -Aa); Sg-1 b /sg-4/ sg-6 (Ab); Sg-1 a /Sg-4/sg-6 (AaBc); Sg-1 b /Sg-4/sg-6 (AbBc); Sg-1 a /sg-4/Sg-6 (Aa + α); Sg-1 b /sg-4/Sg-6 (Ab + α); Sg-1 a /Sg-4/Sg-6 (AaBc + α); and Sg-1 b /Sg-4/ Sg-6 (AbBc + α). The latter four + α types were not found in soybean, so far, while all of eight types were found in wild soybean.…”

“…The latter four + α types were not found in soybean, so far, while all of eight types were found in wild soybean. [4][5][6] Despite several reports on the complexity of the chemical structure diversity of saponins and seed saponin composition, the distribution of saponin composition and content as well as the physiological function of saponins in the soybean plant is not clearly understood. Jyothi et al 15) Rupasinghe et al 16) , and Shimoyamada et al 17) have reported that germination upregulates the content of group B saponins and SS-B, and down-regulates the content of group A saponins and SS-A in soybean.…”