Evaluation of genotoxicity of the aqueous extracts from wild Artemisia herba-alba and Jasmina montana against Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) in Cucurbita pepo plants

Abstract

Squash or cucurbit (Cucurbita pepo) is one of the famous and important vegetable plants in most world countries. The squash is infected by the critical Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) in Egypt. Though pesticides can protect the plants of pest infections, there are no effective compounds that can be applied as virucides. In this work, the effects of aqueous extracts from Jasmina montana and Artemisia herba-alba on ZYMV infection in the squash plants were examined. In addition, SDS-PAGE protein patterns and enzyme activities were evaluated and induction of resistance by plant elicitors against ZYMV was studied The results observed that using of the aqueous extracts from A. herba-alba or J. montana extracts prior to ZYMV inoculation recorded 100% inhibition of virus infection. Also, complete inhibition was obtained by treatment of A. herba-alba extract with the virus inoculum led to destroy the virus particles due to presence of the effective compounds (terpens, phenolics and the essential oils) in the plant extract. SDS-PAGE protein profiles and enzyme activities were studied in treated and untreated plants. Genomic DNA variation was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) loci. The alterations in RAPD and ISSR assays of representative squash plants can be applied to comprehend of induced systemic resistance. These inducers stimulated resistance in the squash plants. Therefore, elicitors should be taken into consideration in the breeding programs for ZYMV control.

Identification and Bioinformatics Analysis of Coat Protein Gene of a Strain of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus

“…These symptoms gradually developed from mosaic up to filiform shape. These results are in agreement with those reported by several investigations biologically identified ZYMV isolates affecting different cucurbits and differential hosts(Hseu et al 1985, Vega et al 1995, Tsai et al 2010, Usher et al 2012, Romay et al 2014, Khalifa et al 2015, Nasr-Eldin et al 2016, Mahfouzea et al 2018, Hammad et al. 2022, Ali et al 2023.…”

“…In Egypt, several studies have been carried out on ZYMV, revealing its detrimental effects on squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) plants in field conditions. Researchers have observed severe symptoms such as mosaic patterns, yellowing, malformations, and stunted growth in squash plants infected with ZYMV (Abdel-Ghaffar et al, 1998, Tsai et al, 2010, Khalifa et al, 2015, Kheder et al, 2017, Mahfouzea et al, 2018, Hammad et al, 2022, Ali et al, 2023. The presence of potyviruses, including ZYMV, has been associated with the formation of cylindrical inclusions, which serve as diagnostic markers for group-level infections (Lisa et al, 1981, Shukla and Ward 1989, Vega et al, 1995, Abdel-Ghaffar et al, 1998.…”