Evaluation of Grapevine Rootstocks on Slightly Acidic and Strongly Alkaline Texas Hill Country Soils

Kamas, Jim; Labay, Andrew; Scheiner, Justin J.

doi:10.5344/catalyst.2020.19006

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The recently released V. rupestris x M. rotundifolia rootstock, UCD GRN-1, is reported to have moderate to strong resistance to at least seven species of nematodes. However, Scheiner et al (2020) and Kamas et al (2020) reported that it performed poorly on alkaline soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of Muscadine grapes (<i>Vitis rotundifolia</i>) to alkaline soil

2021

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Muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia) grapes have been used in grape variety and rootstock development due to their inherent pest and disease resistance, but little is known about their alkaline soil tolerance. In this study, Muscadine varieties, commercialrootstock and interspecific hybrid grape (Vitis spp.) cultivars were evaluated for alkaline soil tolerance under field conditions to determine the potential suitability of muscadines for rootstock development. Thirty-one muscadine and eleven interspecific hybridgrape cultivars were grown in a moderately alkaline soil (pH = 8.1) over a three-year period. Alkaline soil tolerance wasdetermined by relative vine vigour (shoot length), vine nutrient status (whole leaf tissue testing) and visual chlorosis. Additional data were collected on the timing of budbreak. Overall, the muscadines studied expressed low vigour and had greater chlorosissymptoms than the interspecific hybrid rootstocks (Paulsen 1103, Millardet et de Grasset 101-14, Millardet et de Grasset 420A,Ruggeri 140, Schwarzmann, and Matador). These parameters were not correlated with the concentration in any specific nutrient, although nutrient deficiencies (nitrogen, copper) and excesses (calcium, boron) were observed in the muscadine varieties.Overall, the muscadine grapes expressed poor alkaline soil tolerance compared to interspecific hybrid grape rootstocks (1103P, 101-14 MGt., 140Ru, Schwarzmann, 420A, and Matador), even the ones having poor alkaline soil tolerance (101-14 MGt., Schwarzmann) and own-rooted cultivars (Black Spanish, Blanc Du Bois, Dunstan’s Dream and Victoria Red). Nevertheless, some variability in chlorosis symptoms and nutrition was observed across the muscadine group, suggesting some interests to select Muscadine hybrid rootstocks less sensitive to iron chlorosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of Muscadine grapes (<i>Vitis rotundifolia</i>) to alkaline soil

2021

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“…Grapevine rootstocks have been shown to influence scion phenology and budbreak in numerous cultivars (e.g., Ferroni and Scalabrelli, 1995;Menora et al, 2015;Neal et al, 2016;Reddy, 1990). Kamas et al (2020) and Scheiner et al (2020) evaluated these same nematode-resistant rootstocks ('UCD GRN-2', 'UCD GRN-3', 'UCD GRN-4', and 'UCD GRN-5'), along with additional rootstocks, grafted to 'Sangiovese' and 'Blanc du Bois', respectively, in Texas. 'UCD GRN-5' performed poorly on a pH 8.5 soil with 'Sangiovese' (attributed to pHinduced nutritional deficiency), but all four performed satisfactorily on a pH 8.1 soil with 'Blanc du Bois' and a pH 6.6 soil with 'Sangiovese'.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before any rootstock can be recommended for broad use in a region and with a particular scion cultivar, thorough, long-term evaluations are needed. The only other known evaluations of these rootstocks outside of California have been with 'Sangiovese' in the Texas Hill Country (Kamas et al, 2020), and with 'Blanc du Bois' in the Texas Gulf Coast region (Scheiner et al, 2020).…”

Section: 'Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of ‘Chambourcin’ Winegrape on Nematode-resistant Rootstocks in Missouri

Thomas

Harris

Bergmeier³

et al. 2020

hortte

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One of the most popular winegrapes (Vitis sp.) for red wine production in the midwestern United States is ‘Chambourcin’, a French-American hybrid. It is typically produced on own-rooted vines in the region, but the potential benefits of grafting it to improved rootstocks are becoming better-known. Nematodes present occasional serious winegrape production challenges in the midwestern United States, and are capable of transmitting pathogenic viruses. New rootstocks developed by University of California, Davis (UCD GRN series) are resistant to several species and races of nematodes, but have not been evaluated under midwestern U.S. production conditions. A study with ‘Chambourcin’ grafted to four of these new nematode-resistant rootstocks (‘UCD GRN-2’, ‘UCD GRN-3’, ‘UCD GRN-4’, and ‘UCD GRN-5’) and ‘Couderc 3309’, along with own-rooted vines was established in 2010 in southwest Missouri, and fruited in 2013–15. Three of the nematode-resistant rootstocks (GRN-2, 3, 4) performed as well as the standard ‘Couderc 3309’ and own-rooted vines, with yields among all rootstocks ranging from 10 to 13 kg/vine. The rootstock ‘UCD GRN-5’ generally performed poorly, however, manifested by low pruning weights and a high Ravaz index value (25) in 2013 that necessitated defruiting the vines in 2014. Fruit yields on ‘UCD GRN-5’ rootstocks were satisfactory in 2013 and 2015, but the vines eventually deteriorated, with 99% shootless nodes by 2017. Although more evaluations of these new rootstocks are needed in the midwestern United States, we conclude that ‘UCD GRN-2’, ‘UCD GRN-3’, and ‘UCD GRN-4’ show promise, whereas ‘UCD GRN-5’ does not appear suitable for growing conditions in southern Missouri.

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Evaluation of Grapevine Rootstocks on Slightly Acidic and Strongly Alkaline Texas Hill Country Soils

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Tolerance of Muscadine grapes (<i>Vitis rotundifolia</i>) to alkaline soil

Tolerance of Muscadine grapes (<i>Vitis rotundifolia</i>) to alkaline soil

Performance of ‘Chambourcin’ Winegrape on Nematode-resistant Rootstocks in Missouri

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