Evaluation of groundwater contamination in Chandigarh: Source identification and health risk assessment

Ravindra, Khaiwal; Thind, Parteek Singh; Mor, Sahil; Singh, Tanbir; Mor, Suman

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113062

Cited by 83 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Consequently, the result showed that drinking water was the major mode of risk exposure. This result is consistent with that of Ravindra who also found that drinking was the riskiest route [53]. As the study area is located upstream of drinking water sources in Shanghai, it should be paid great attention by the government.…”

Section: Main Contamination Pathwayssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In summary, Cr is the major carcinogen element found in the high-risk area located in the northwest and middle area, and adults had a higher risk than children. This result is consistent with that of Ravindra who also found that drinking was the riskiest route [53]. As the study area is located upstream of drinking water sources in Shanghai, it should be paid great attention by the government.…”

Section: Carcinogenic Risksupporting

confidence: 91%

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Identify Priority Control Pollutants and Areas of Groundwater in an Old Metropolitan Industrial Area—A Case Study of Putuo, Shanghai, China

Yuan

Wang

2022

Water

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Industrial activities have raised widespread concerns about groundwater pollution and human health. Shanghai’s industrial land has been polluting the groundwater for more than 30 years; however, it is not clear whether it poses a risk to human health. This study explores the health risk degree in different groups of groundwater in old industrial areas in Shanghai, China. We selected eight heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn) as the research objects and analyzed the characteristics of concentrations and spatial distribution using single factor index and geostatistical analytical methods. Results indicated that the average concentrations of As and Hg were higher than the environmental standards. Meanwhile, As, Ni, Hg and Pb in groundwater were notable anthropogenic inputs. Compared with irrigation cropland, the pollution of Ni, Pb and As in industrial land was obviously more serious. In addition, the health risk assessment results indicated the priority control pollutants of non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk are As and Cr, respectively. Our results showed that human activities have deeply increased heavy metal concentrations in groundwater, which in turn poses risks to human health. These findings provide scientific support for urban managers to reduce residents’ drinking water risks.

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Section: Main Contamination Pathwayssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Carcinogenic Risksupporting

confidence: 91%

Identify Priority Control Pollutants and Areas of Groundwater in an Old Metropolitan Industrial Area—A Case Study of Putuo, Shanghai, China

Yuan

Wang

2022

Water

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“…More importantly, the findings appear to suggest that children are more vulnerable to non-carcinogenic effects in the study region owing to the intake of higher nitrate concentrations in drinking water. Many other scholars have found that due to lower body weight and personality characteristics, children are more vulnerable to chronic noncarcinogenic threats than adults 5,[72][73][74][75][76] .…”

Section: Health Risk Assessment (Non-carcinogenic)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in many parts of the globe where a significant populace depends entirely on groundwater resources for drinking without pre-examination of safety problems, the non-carcinogenic health risk of NO3in drinking water becomes a serious issue 20,66,77,78,80,81 . In northern India, a detailed study done 73 that Children in the study area are more vulnerable to health hazards than women and men.…”

Section: Health Risk Assessment (Non-carcinogenic)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Nitrate Pollution in Groundwater and Its Health Risks in The View of Background Concentration in a Semi-Arid Area of Rajasthan

Rahman

Mondal

Tiwari

2021

Preprint

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An increased nitrate (NO3-) concentration in groundwater has been a rising issue on a global scale in recent years. Through different consumption mechanisms, it clearly illustrates the adverse effects on human health. The goal of this present study is to assess the natural and anthropogenic NO3- concentration in groundwater and its related risks to human health in the different groups of ages such as children, males, and females. Groundwater samples (n=101) were obtained and analysed for their physicochemical components, along with the nitrate concentration in a semi-arid area of Rajasthan. The results show that most of the samples were influenced by anthropogenic activities. The background and anthropogenic levels had been estimated and marked as 7.2 mg/L and 13.3 mg/L for the background and anthropogenic concentrations, respectively. About 83% of nitrate samples were exceeded the background limit, while 28% of the samples were beyond the permissible limit of 45 mg/L as stated by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Nitrate health risks were also measured by oral intake and dermal contact sources for the residents in this area. The oral exposure of nitrate was very high as compare to dermal contact. With regards to the non-carcinogenic health risk, the total Heath Index (HITotal) values of groundwater nitrate in the study area varied from 0.045 to 3.153 with an average of 0.964 for males, 0.053 to 3.726 with an average of 1.139 for females, and 0.061 to 4.278 with an average of 1.308 for children. The nitrate health risk assessment shows that about 38%, 46%, and 49% of groundwater samples constitute the non-carcinogenic health risk to males, females, and children, respectively.

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“…Indeed, urban (e.g., use of cesspits for wastewater disposal), agricultural (e.g., intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides), and industrial (e.g., unmanaged solid waste disposal) activities increase the soluble contaminants reaching groundwater [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Scholars have confirmed the increasing health risk associated with groundwater contamination [16,17], which could cause different diseases (e.g., hepatitis, dysentery, poisoning, blue baby syndrome, and cancers) and lead to death [11,13,14,[18][19][20]. Accordingly, assessment of groundwater quality is of great interest for evaluating its suitability for human usage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS-Based Spatiotemporal Mapping of Groundwater Potability and Palatability Indices in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Judeh

Bian

Shahrour

2021

Water

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This paper aims to assess groundwater potability and palatability in the West Bank, Palestine. It combines the adjusted weighted arithmetic water quality index method (AWAWQIM), a close-ended questionnaire, and step-wise assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) to develop groundwater potability (PoGWQI) and palatability (PaGWQI) indices. Both a geographic information system (GIS) and the kriging interpolation method (KIM) are employed to create spatiotemporal mapping of PoGWQI and PaGWQI. The research is based on data from 79 wells, which were provided by the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA). Data include fecal coliform (FC), nitrate (NO3), pH, chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), bicarbonate (HCO3), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and hardness. Results indicate that 2% and 5% of water samples were unpotable and unpalatable, respectively. Unpotable samples were found in areas with poor sewer networks and intensive use of agrochemicals. All groundwater samples (100%) in the eastern part of the West Bank were unpalatable because of seawater intrusion. Unconfined aquifers were more vulnerable to potability and palatability contamination. It was noticed that PoGWQI is sensitive to FC and NO3, while PaGWQI is sensitive to HCO3, TDS, and Cl. Consequently, these quality parameters should be monitored well. The proposed method is of great interest to water decision-makers in Palestine for establishing strategies to protect water resources.

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Evaluation of groundwater contamination in Chandigarh: Source identification and health risk assessment

Cited by 83 publications

References 49 publications

Identify Priority Control Pollutants and Areas of Groundwater in an Old Metropolitan Industrial Area—A Case Study of Putuo, Shanghai, China

Identify Priority Control Pollutants and Areas of Groundwater in an Old Metropolitan Industrial Area—A Case Study of Putuo, Shanghai, China

Anthropogenic Nitrate Pollution in Groundwater and Its Health Risks in The View of Background Concentration in a Semi-Arid Area of Rajasthan

GIS-Based Spatiotemporal Mapping of Groundwater Potability and Palatability Indices in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

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