Evaluation of Groundwater for Arsenic Contamination Using Hydrogeochemical Properties and Multivariate Statistical Methods in Saudi Arabia

Al-Farraj, Abdullah S.; Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.; EL-Saeid, Mohamed H.; El-Naggar, Ahmed H.; Ahmed, Z.

doi:10.1155/2013/812365

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Depending on the geographical region, arsenic concentration might vary from location to another. In Saudi Arabia, arsenic in groundwater was found to be higher than the World Health Organization permissible limit (10 μg L −1 ), and it is mainly originated from the regional geothermal system and weathering of minerals . As illustrated from Figure and Table , Br concentrations in the extracted essential oils from M. longifolia leaves (samples from #1 to #6) showed a higher concentration compared with other samples, whereas its concentration ranges from 2.89 to 8.38 μg g −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Direct analysis of essential oils by means of TXRF spectrometry

et al. 2019

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Direct analysis of essential oil has been performed for estimation of the elemental content in five different extracted essential oils from the leaves of different plants, namely, Mentha longifolia, Rosmarinus officinalis, Ocimum basilicum, Elletaria cardamomum, and Lavandula hybrida. A benchtop total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometer with a maximum power of 40 W was used for this purpose. Fourteen elements have been quantified in most of the extracted essential oil samples, and their limits of detection were determined. The detected elements are P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Ni, and Hf. The validity of the present method was demonstrated using a standard reference material of organometallic oil sample. Two extraction methods of essential oils from leaves of the mentioned plants are evaluated, namely, classical hydro-distillation and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation. The quantitative elemental analysis of the extracted essential oils using the two extracted methods was studied and compared.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Direct analysis of essential oils by means of TXRF spectrometry

et al. 2019

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“…The foremost ions like K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Clmight be linked with hydro-chemical variables from mineral dissolution and water-rock interface in the aquifer, which indicates PC1 habitually reflects geological effects. 37 The PC2 explained about 26.88 % of total variance and high positive loading of PO 4 3-, NO 3 and HCO 3…”

Section: Correlation Matrix and Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Groundwater Chemistry at Deep Aquifer in Koyra: Khulna, Bangladesh

Das¹,

Shaibur²,

Rahman³

2021

Curr. World Environ

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Koyra (Khulna District) is the coastal Upazila of Bangladesh and is very susceptible to salinity intrusion. The surface and shallow tube well water in the Upazila is naturally saline. The quality of subterranean tube well water in the deliberate area is hardly presented for different Unions of Koyra. Dakshin Bedkashi Union of Koyra is very saline prone. Therefore, the groundwater chemistry of Dakshin Bedkashi Union was determined to legalize if the groundwater is fit for drinking and irrigation or not. Spatially dispersed 30 water samples were collected from the deep aquifer (550 to 700 feet depth) in December, 2016 and analyzed for physico-chemical properties. The outcomes were compared with WHO, USEPA and BBS drinking water quality standard and with FAO standard for irrigation purpose. The pH varied from 6.73 to 8.33, indicating that the water samples were within the WHO drinking water quality standard. The TDS showed a long range variation (230.5 to 2052.0 ppm) with an average of 841.23 ppm, of which 33% of water sources exceeded BBS standard value. The mean value of salinity was 0.65 (±0.43) ppt and EC was 1,400.9 (±904.18) µS cm-1. The loads of key ions were ranked as Na+> Ca2+> Mg2+> K+ and HCO3-> Cl-> SO42-> NO3-> PO4-. The Piper diagram demonstrated that the existing hydro-chemical facies of groundwater were Na+-Cl--HCO3- and Na+-Ca2+-HCO3- type. The Gibbs diagram illustrated that the chemical arrangement of groundwater is mainly misrepresented by rock weathering. Silicate weathering was the profuse process along study area. The Wilcox diagram proved that the greater water sources were allowable to suspicious for irrigation. The core component analysis ensured that rock suspension and sea water intrusion was the primary source of ions in groundwater. The controlling factors of groundwater chemistry were typically related to geologic factors, while the anthropogenic factors have not any momentous effects.

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“…The significant loading of those ions in PC1 indicated a similar source of those ions. The soil water interaction and dissolution of Na + bearing minerals might be responsible for high Na + loading [26,39]. The PC2 accounted for 17% of total variance, which was positively correlated with SO 4 2- 4 2-and HCO 3 bearing minerals and their mineralization decreased with increasing pH [40].…”

Section: Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Determination and Distribution of Groundwater Composition in Deep Aquifer of Satkhira Municipality, Bangladesh

Das¹,

Rani²,

Mamun³

et al. 2021

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Satkhira Municipality is located in the extreme South-Western coastal region of Bangladesh. This area exhibits complex hydro-geochemical characteristics along with the increasing tendency of soil and water salinity which created a need of groundwater quality assurance. The objectives of the study were to identify the composition of groundwater followed by attempts to investigate spatial distribution pattern of groundwater quality. This was done to identify places with the availability of best quality of drinking water. This was achieved by combining the geographical information system, statistical analysis and diagrammatic presentation. A total of 100 deep tube well (450 to 600 feet) water samples were collected during monsoon and dry season in 2018 and were analyzed for hydro-geochemical parameters. The groundwater was neutral to alkaline (pH 7.01 to 8.66) in nature. Total dissolved solids ranged from 132.7 to 1436.0 mg L -1 which gradually increased from North to South direction. Sodium was the most dominant cation with mean value of 48.28 (±27.48) mg L -1 in monsoon and 105.35 (±66.73) mg L -1 in dry season. On the contrary, Clion was the dominant anion with mean value of 546.99 (±34.07) in monsoon and 424.68 (±398.59) mg L -1 in dry season. The high loading (>0.6) in principal component analysis indicated that the major ions originated from mineralization of rocks and soils, which was supported by Gibbs diagram. Silicate weathering supposed to be the responsible factor for releasing Na + ion, while Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ion in groundwater came from both silicate and carbonate weathering. Three distinct types of groundwater facies e.g. the mixed NaCaCl, NaCaHCO 3 and NaCl were active along the study area, indicating that the underground cation exchange process. Our study will be helpful for the decision makers for planning a better operation and maintenance of groundwater resources.

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Evaluation of Groundwater for Arsenic Contamination Using Hydrogeochemical Properties and Multivariate Statistical Methods in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Direct analysis of essential oils by means of TXRF spectrometry

Direct analysis of essential oils by means of TXRF spectrometry

Groundwater Chemistry at Deep Aquifer in Koyra: Khulna, Bangladesh

Determination and Distribution of Groundwater Composition in Deep Aquifer of Satkhira Municipality, Bangladesh

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