Evaluation of Groundwater Potentials of the Calabar Coastal Aquifers

Amah, E. A.; Ugbaja, A. N.; Esu, E. O.

doi:10.5539/jgg.v4n3p130

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The headquarters of Calabar South Local Government Area is Anantigha, with major streets being Mbukpa, Musaha, Goldie, Edgerley, Akpanim, UduakOrok, EkpoAbasi and New Airport (fig 1). It occupies an area extent of about 287.303km2with a population of about 254,165 [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Shallow Groundwater Quality in Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria

Nwankwoala¹,

Tariah²,

Udom³

2018

Acta chem. Malay.

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This study aims at determining the quality for groundwater in the study area, for domestic and other uses. Water samples were collected in thirty plastic bottles of 1.5litres from fifteen functional boreholes in the study location. These samples were analyzed for physicochemical and bacteriological parameters using standard field and laboratory techniques. The dominant cations are Ca2+, K2+, Mg2+ and Na+ with mean composition of 27.20, 4.30, 89.50, and 33.00mg/l respectively. S042-, Cl-, P042-and N03-are dominant anions with respective mean values of 19.58, 3.22, 5.79 and 11.94mg/l. The highest recorded value for total hardness is 19.7mg/l revealed that the groundwater in the study location is soft, while concentration level of chloride (between 1.60 to 5.03 mg/l) with mean value 3.22mg/l shows absence of saltwater intrusion. Zinc and copper have values below WHO & NDWQ while for aluminum, less than 50% of the samples were above the standard. The iron concentrations at all location do not meet the WHO and NSDWQ standard for drinking water except for borehole location 11. The high iron should be treated with appropriate methods to reduce the concentration. The pH value should be treated to increase the pH to between 7 and 8 where this standard is not met. Further analysis of the groundwater chemistry to determine its suitability for agriculture or irrigation shows that the groundwater is excellently good for agriculture or irrigation purpose in the area. It is recommended that regular monitoring be carried out in the area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Shallow Groundwater Quality in Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria

Nwankwoala¹,

Tariah²,

Udom³

2018

Acta chem. Malay.

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Leachate delineation and aquifer vulnerability assessment using geo-electric imaging in a major dumpsite around Calabar Flank, Southern Nigeria

Akiang

Emujakporue

Nwosu

2022

Environ Monit Assess

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Predicting heavy metal transport in groundwater around Lemna dumpsite: implications for residence utilizing borehole water in Cross River State, Nigeria

Igelle,

Phil-Eze,

Obeta

et al. 2024

Appl Water Sci

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Groundwater is considered the most important natural resource to mankind. Groundwater constitutes an important part of the hydrological cycle and is more prone to pollution. Dumpsite located in close proximity to groundwater resources is highly susceptible to leachates pollution. Predicting the susceptibility of groundwater pollution is crucial to address industry-standard codes for groundwater flow, contaminant transport, local to regional-scale water quality, and source water protection issues. Therefore, predicting heavy metal transport in groundwater around Lemna dumpsite in Cross River State, Nigeria, was examined. Soil samples were purposively collected with a soil Auger, along a straight line at (5 m, 25 m and 50 m) in the dumpsite. Water samples were purposively collected from five (5) boreholes close to Lemna dumpsite. The study utilized pumping test method to obtain data for the analysis of heavy metal transport in groundwater. Data analysis of the laboratory results of soil and borehole water quality focuses on arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and mercury. Paired sample t test was used to analyse the soil and borehole water quality. Visual Modflow was also used to analyse the solute transport of heavy metals in groundwater around Lemna dumpsite. The paired sample t test of the analysis of heavy metals in soil exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to National Environmental Standard Regulation and Enforcement Agency limits. The paired sample t test of the analysis of heavy metals in borehole water exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to World Health Organization limits. The significant level indicates contamination of the soil and borehole water. The findings revealed a spatial spread of 259.2000 m2/day, with the contaminant travelling up to 94,608 m2/year. The extent of heavy metals concentration exhibited a maximum of 0.991 mg/l to a minimum of (− 6.72 × 10–18 mg/l), with concentrations decreasing as the plume extend. The study recommends the need for remediation and stringent monitoring to mitigate heavy metal contamination of boreholes near Lemna dumpsite.

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Evaluation of Groundwater Potentials of the Calabar Coastal Aquifers

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Aspects of Shallow Groundwater Quality in Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria

Aspects of Shallow Groundwater Quality in Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria

Leachate delineation and aquifer vulnerability assessment using geo-electric imaging in a major dumpsite around Calabar Flank, Southern Nigeria

Predicting heavy metal transport in groundwater around Lemna dumpsite: implications for residence utilizing borehole water in Cross River State, Nigeria

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