Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Virudhunagar Taluk, Tamil Nadu, India by using Statistical Methods and GIS Technique

Lakshmi, Ramamoorthy Venkada; Raja, Velayutham; Sekar, Chelladurai Puthiya; Neelakantan, M.A.

doi:10.1007/s12594-021-1719-x

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Most of the rocks and soils have released potassium. Compared to the year 1972, the level of K + minerals was regularly increasing, infiltrated into the groundwater aquifer and stored (Lakshmi et al, 2021;Naidu et al, 2021). From the analysis, the basin K + level increased from 1972 to 2019 (15-97 mg/l).…”

Section: Potassium (K + )mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The graphical representation of the dissolved salts present in the collected groundwater samples is shown in the piper trilinear diagram. The study-area water quality was plotted with major cations (Na + , K + , Ca + and Mg 2+ ) and anions (Cl -, SO4 2-, CO3 -2 and HCO3 -) present in the water samples (Lakshmi et al, 2021;Sangeetha et al, 2020).…”

Section: Hydro-geochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the geochemical facies diagram, 34.4% of the area in both decades is covered by a mixture of Ca + and Mg 2+ Cltypes. For the 1972 decade, the domination of cations was present in the water samples and it will form a mixture of Ca + Mg 2+ Cland Ca + Na + HCO3in 28% of the study area, then, the remaining parameters, like Na + CO3 -2 , Na + HCO3 -, Ca + Cland Na + Clform the western and eastern parts of the study area (Kamaraj et al, 2021;Lakshmi et al, 2021). For the 2010 decade, the major cations were present in the order of Na + > Mg 2+ > Ca + > K + , while the anions were present in the order of HCO3 ->Cl ->SO4 2->CO3 -2 >F -.…”

Section: Hydro-geochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the expanding human population, agriculture sector, the rapid rise of industrialization and urbanization, the demand for groundwater is also increasing (Ram et al, 2021). Based on the abovementioned parameters, groundwater drought conditions grow at the same time and groundwater contamination is also severely increasing (Lakshmi et al, 2021). The quality of groundwater was poisoned for a given period and it's quite difficult to reestablish the original quality (Gougazeh & Sharadqah, 2009;Malik & Bhagwat, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Groundwater Quality Index for Bhavani River Basin Using Remote Sensing and Statistical Analysis

Ayyavoo¹,

Rajangam²,

Madasamy³

et al. 2023

JJCE

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This research was conducted to examine the drinking (WQI1) and irrigation (WQI2) water quality for the Bhavani river basin using statistical methodologies. The study area geographically covers up to 4207 km2. For evaluating the Water Quality Index (WQI), fourteen groundwater parameters were employed and the data was gathered for two decades (1972–1990 & 2010–2019). The groundwater parameters include TDS, pH, EC, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, CO3 2-, HCO3 - , NO3 - , Cl- , F- and SO4 2-. The weightage arithmetic approach was utilized to compute the WQI1 and all the parameters were spatially represented using Arc GIS 10.3 software. To compute the WQI2, the Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Percentage (%Na), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Magnesium Hazard Ratio (MHR), Kelly's Ratio (KR), Permeability Index (PI) and Potential Salinity (PI) are employed. The hydro-geochemical features are statistically examined using the Piper trilinear diagram, Gibbs plot, correlation matrix and PCA biplot. The study results suggest that irrigation-and drinking-water quality is worsening from 2% to 44% of the studied region. Statistical analysis also yields satisfactory findings for both decades. According to the geochemical study, the anion and cation ranking for the 1972 decade is Mg2+> Ca+> Na+> K+=Cl- >HCO3 - ->CO3 2->SO4 2-, while the ranking for the 2019 decade is Na+> Mg2+> Ca+> K+=HCO3 - >Cl- >SO4 2->CO3 2->F- . The research indicates viable locations for drinking and irrigation reasons, while the low groundwater quality areas need effective treatment procedures before groundwater utilization. KEYWORDS: Groundwater, Hydro-geochemistry, Remote sensing, Statistical analysis, Water quality index.

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Section: Potassium (K + )mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Hydro-geochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydro-geochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparative Analysis of Groundwater Quality Index for Bhavani River Basin Using Remote Sensing and Statistical Analysis

Ayyavoo¹,

Rajangam²,

Madasamy³

et al. 2023

JJCE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Studies on hydrogeochemistry of uranium in groundwater of Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India

Raja,

Neelakantan

2023

J Earth Syst Sci

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Hydrochemistry for the assessment of groundwater quality in the Kathua region, Jammu and Kashmir, India

et al. 2022

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Groundwater is a vital natural resource in the Kathua region of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, Northern India, where it is used for domestic, irrigation, and industrial purposes. The main purpose of this study was to assess the hydrochemistry of the groundwater and to determine its suitability for drinking, irrigation, and industrial uses in the Kathua region. In this study, 75 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for the physicochemical parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids , pH, and various cations and anions. The analyzed data were computed for designing groundwater quality index to know the suitability for drinking purposes. The EC, sodium percentage, permeability index, and magnesium hazard were assessed to evaluate groundwater suitability for irrigation. Further, the corrosivity ratio was assessed to find the groundwater quality criteria for industrial purposes. The comprehensive results obtained from the water quality index indicate that almost all groundwater samples are suitable for drinking. The ionic abundance is in the order of Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ for cations, and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− > NO3− for anions, respectively. The Piper diagram shows that hydrochemistry of the groundwater is dominated by alkaline earth metals (Ca2+, Mg2+) and weak acids (HCO3−). According to the Gibbs diagram, the chemistry of groundwater is mainly controlled by the rock–water interaction process, indicating that most of the groundwater samples of the area are of bicarbonate type. The EC results classify the groundwater as excellent to good; the sodium percentage also indicates that the water is fit for irrigation. According to the Wilcox and USSLS diagrams, and permeability index, a majority of samples are suitable for irrigation with a few exceptions. The magnesium hazard depicts that there are few samples (19%), which are unsuitable for irrigation. According to the corrosivity ratio, 65 samples are safe for industrial use while the remaining 10 samples are considered to be unsafe. Thus, it is found that most of the groundwater in the area can be used for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes.

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Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Virudhunagar Taluk, Tamil Nadu, India by using Statistical Methods and GIS Technique

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative Analysis of Groundwater Quality Index for Bhavani River Basin Using Remote Sensing and Statistical Analysis

Comparative Analysis of Groundwater Quality Index for Bhavani River Basin Using Remote Sensing and Statistical Analysis

Studies on hydrogeochemistry of uranium in groundwater of Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India

Hydrochemistry for the assessment of groundwater quality in the Kathua region, Jammu and Kashmir, India

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