Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Indian Herbal Teas

Naithani, Vijay; Kakkar, Poonam

doi:10.1007/s00128-005-0738-4

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Economic and social interest in tea is clear from the fact that about 18-20 billion tea cups are consumed daily in the world (Pedro et al 2001;Marcos et al 1998). The medicinal value of tea for prevention and treatment of many health problems has become more and more commonly known (Naithani and Kakkar 2005). Tea contains flavonoids, minerals and trace elements that are essential to human health.…”

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confidence: 99%

Levels of Selected Heavy Metals in Black Tea Varieties Consumed in Saudi Arabia

Ashraf

Mian

2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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The metal contents (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd, Co) of 17 black tea samples were analyzed by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Among the investigated metals Mn was the highest (1,071.7 microg/g), whereas Pb showed minimum levels (0.30 microg/g). Iron was the second highest element found in black tea samples. Lowest Pb concentration (0.30 microg/g) was found in Abu Jabal tea; whereas maximum (2.2 microg/g) was found in Manasul tea. Lowest Cd concentration was found in Lipton whereas maximum level was observed for Al-Diafa tea. The concentrations of Co and Zn in the analyzed samples were in the range of 4.5-17.4 and 23.7-122.4 microg/g, respectively. Metal-to-metal correlation studies showed strong correlations between iron-chromium, iron-cadmium and lead-copper pairs. The data obtained in the present work compared well with the counterpart data reported internationally. Based upon the present safety standards, the tea versions selected in the present study were found to be safe for human consumption.

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confidence: 99%

Levels of Selected Heavy Metals in Black Tea Varieties Consumed in Saudi Arabia

Ashraf

Mian

2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…Replicate (n=3) analyses were conducted to assess precision of the analytical techniques. As and Hg were estimated according to the standardized method used in our earlier studies (Naithani and Kakkar 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic metals and organochlorine pesticides residue in single herbal drugs used in important ayurvedic formulation – ‘Dashmoola’

Rai

Kakkar

Singh

et al. 2007

Environ Monit Assess

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Herbal formulations are getting popularity throughout the world and commercialized extensively for various medicinal properties. WHO has emphasized the need for quality assurance of herbal products, including testing of heavy metals and pesticides residues. 'Dashmoola', a popular herbal formulation, with immunomodulator and febrifugal properties, consists of ten single root drugs. In view of WHO guidelines, single herbal drugs used in 'Dashmoola', were collected from different places of India for testing heavy metals and persistent pesticides residue. Although use of roots in 'Dashmoola' is prescribed in original ayurvedic literature but now many pharmacies use stem in place of roots. Therefore, in the present study both roots and stems were selected for estimation of six heavy metals namely arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Apart from these, the organochlorine pesticides residue viz. different metabolites of DDT, DDE, isomers of HCH and alpha-endosulfan were checked in total 40 samples of single crude drugs. Heavy metals except Hg, were present in most of the samples. In few samples Pb and Cd concentration were beyond the WHO permissible limits. Although alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH were present in almost all the samples, but other pesticides were not detected in these samples. DDT and DDE were found only in two samples.

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“…However, contrary to the expectations, during the last decades the contamination with heavy metals has been mainly addressed in developing countries. Naithani and Kakkar [11] reported substantial heavy metal content in Indian medicinal herbal teas, while in another study from India, it was demonstrated that the heavy metal content in medicinal plants is strongly associated with the region of their collection [12]. In Ethiopia, where more than 85% of the population relies on traditional medicine, several herb samples contained lead and cadmium above WHO set limits [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Lead Content in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) Inflorescences and Leaves: Impact of Precipitations and Vicinity of Motorway

Meos

Jüriado

Matto

et al. 2010

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Trace metal contamination is a major environmental and health problem virtually in all countries. The present study was aimed to estimate the lead content of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) inflorescences and leaves collected from a nonpolluted test field. The lead content in dry pot marigold inflorescences was 9.34 ± 0.79 µg/g, in dry leaves 11.57 ± 0.47 µg/g, and in soil 0.649 ± 0.012 µg/g. The distance of pot marigold collection beds (30-220 m from the motorway) had no effect on lead content. There was a strong positive correlation between the amount of precipitations and lead content of pot marigold leaves but not inflorescences indicating the soil as primarily the source of increased lead content. In conclusion, no effect of motorway vicinity was found for pot marigold inflorescences or leaves lead content; however, as a precaution, it is not recommended to collect the plants during or just after showers.

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Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Indian Herbal Teas

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Levels of Selected Heavy Metals in Black Tea Varieties Consumed in Saudi Arabia

Levels of Selected Heavy Metals in Black Tea Varieties Consumed in Saudi Arabia

Toxic metals and organochlorine pesticides residue in single herbal drugs used in important ayurvedic formulation – ‘Dashmoola’

Lead Content in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) Inflorescences and Leaves: Impact of Precipitations and Vicinity of Motorway

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