Evaluation of highly filled epoxy composites modified with walnut shell waste filler

Sałasińska, Kamila; Barczewski, Mateusz; Górny, Rafał L.; Kloziński, Arkadiusz

doi:10.1007/s00289-017-2163-3

Cited by 89 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…[60] It was observed that microhardness increased with the addition of TPS particles into the matrix. A similar observation was also made by previous researchers in case of tamarind seed, [18] walnut shell, [61] rice husk, [62] coconut shell, [16,63] and hazelnut shell [64] particles. The lowest value of hardness of the matrix before reinforcement was 21.04 HV.…”

Section: Density and Void Contentsupporting

confidence: 89%

Physico‐mechanical properties of tamarind pod shell‐based composite

2019

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The main objective and novelty of this study is to investigate the effect of particle size and alkali treatment on physical, mechanical properties of tamarind pod shell (TPS)‐reinforced epoxy composites. The treated and untreated composites were fabricated with different particle sizes with TPS content of 10 wt%. The mechanical, physical, and morphological properties of specimens were investigated. It was revealed that the density and mechanical properties of the treated and untreated composites increased with the decrease in the particle size; whereas, the water absorption percentage and void content decreased for the same. The treated composite with the particle size of 75 μm exhibited the maximum tensile, flexural, and compressive strength. Further, the multiscale finite element (FE) model was developed using the Digimat‐FE software to simulate the tensile behavior of composites with different particle size. The simulation results revealed that the stress concentration level was more in the vicinity of the voids, and the higher stress concentration was observed in the matrix phase with the increase in particle size. Also, it was found that the predicted results from the multiscale FE model showed a good agreement with the experimental results. The results suggested that the TPS filled epoxy composites have potential utility in the fields of automotive interior panels, particulate board panels, household goods, packaging materials, building partitions, and many other applications.

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Section: Density and Void Contentsupporting

confidence: 89%

Physico‐mechanical properties of tamarind pod shell‐based composite

2019

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“…Research institutions and industry undertake efforts to make chemical production more eco-friendly and to replace fossil raw materials with renewable feedstock [1]. More and more research concerns modification of polymers with waste [2][3][4][5][6]. Among the renewable raw materials, vegetable oils are the most widely used in the synthesis of different chemicals, which could be applied by the polymer industry [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Chemical Structure of Petrochemical Polyol on Properties of Bio-polyurethane Foams

Prociak

Szczepkowski²,

Ryszkowska

et al. 2019

J Polym Environ

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In this study, the influence of the chemical structures of petrochemical polyols on the foaming process of polyurethane compositions as well as on selected properties of the foams obtained has been investigated. Two types of petrochemical polyols were used-polyester and polyether polyols as well as their blends with a rapeseed oil-based polyol. Dielectric polarization, temperature and expansion velocity were determined during the foaming process of the polyurethane systems with different polyol components. The results show the highest reactivity of the polyester polyol and a decrease of the polyurethane system's reactivity as a result of a partial replacement of the petrochemical polyol with the bio-based polyol. The content of the closed cells in the materials obtained strongly depends on the petrochemical polyol used. The results indicate that the chemical structure of the petrochemical polyol had a significant effect on the cellular structure as well as the physicalmechanical properties of the final products. A significant worsening of the foams' mechanical properties was observed as an effect of a partial replacement of the polyester polyol with the rapeseed oil-based polyol. In contrast, a partial replacement of the polyether polyol caused an improvement of the cell structure keeping the mechanical properties of the modified foams at the same level.

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“…This phenomenon is much more pronounced at high temperatures when the chain motion or vibration is greater [22,61]. Comparing the composites according to the type of reinforcement, it can be seen that the reinforced composites with coarse particles (CFF) have a higher modulus at high temperatures, thus showing their higher capacity to maintain the mechanical load with recoverable viscoelastic deformation at high temperatures compared to the FFF-reinforced composites [56]. Figure 6b shows the dynamic damping factor (tan δ) evolution regarding temperature.…”

Section: Morphological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is evident that with the The grinding process has a relevant effect on both particle aggregate and geometry. Despite this, these differences can be seen in Figure 2 since in general, both CFF and FFF particles had an irregular morphology with a rough surface and the presence of granular fractures (typical morphology of hard lignocellulosic particles after being subjected to crushing processes [54][55][56]). Figure 3 shows in a more detailed way the above-mentioned effects.…”

Section: Morphology Of Ff Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing and Characterization of Green Composites with Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin and Flaxseed Flour Wastes

et al. 2020

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In the present work, green-composites from a partially biobased epoxy resin (BioEP) reinforced with lignocellulosic particles, obtained from flax industry by-products or wastes, have been manufactured by casting. In this study, the flaxseed has been crushed by two different mechanical milling processes to achieve different particle sizes, namely coarse size (CFF), and fine size (FFF) particle flaxseed flour, with a particle size ranging between 100–220 µm and 40–140 µm respectively. Subsequently, different loadings of each particle size (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) were mixed with the BioEP resin and poured into a mold and subjected to a curing cycle to obtain solid samples for mechanical, thermal, water absorption, and morphological characterization. The main aim of this research was to study the effect of the particle size and its content on the overall properties of composites with BioEP. The results show that the best mechanical properties were obtained for composites with a low reinforcement content (10 wt%) and with the finest particle size (FFF) due to a better dispersion into the matrix, and a better polymer-particle interaction too. This also resulted in a lower water absorption capacity due to the presence of fewer voids in the developed composites. Therefore, this study shows the feasibility of using flax wastes from the seeds as a filler in highly environmentally friendly composites with a wood-like appearance with potential use in furniture or automotive sectors.

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Evaluation of highly filled epoxy composites modified with walnut shell waste filler

Cited by 89 publications

References 39 publications

Physico‐mechanical properties of tamarind pod shell‐based composite

Physico‐mechanical properties of tamarind pod shell‐based composite

Influence of Chemical Structure of Petrochemical Polyol on Properties of Bio-polyurethane Foams

Manufacturing and Characterization of Green Composites with Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin and Flaxseed Flour Wastes

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