Evaluation of Histopathological Alterations in the Liver and Kidney of Olive Barb (Puntius sarana, Hamilton 1822) as an Indicator of the Surma River’s Pollution

Abstract

Water pollution poses a global hazard to aquatic biota and ecological sustainability, causing a hazard to aquatic organisms such as fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of toxic chemical contaminants on histopathological biomarkers in the liver and kidney of olive barb (Puntius sarana) collected from the Surma River in comparison to a control group of fish. The histological bio-monitoring assessment involved the sampling of thirty (30) table-sized fish collected from the four-sampling sites (i. Kajir Bazar, ii. Keane Bridge, iii. Shahjalal Bridge and iv. Burhanuddin Majar) of the Surma River on a monthly basis during the period of September 2019 to February 2020. Twenty (20) table-sized fish of the same species were reared in the Fish Disease Diagnosis and Pharmacology Laboratory, which has a controlled water quality system. In the present study, the river temperature was found to range from 19.7±1.57°C to 30.00±1.29°C. Dissolved oxygen of the surface water was observed to range from 4.15±0.31 to 4.82±0.67 ppm. The pH was found to range from 7.42±0.33 to 6.50±0.12. We observed several pathological changes viz., haemorrhage, lipid droplet, hypertrophy and hyperplasia, erythrocyte infiltration into blood sinusoid, pyknosis and hepatocyte degeneration in the liver tissues of P. sarana. The histopathological analysis of the kidney showed tubular degeneration of the distal tubule, tubular degeneration of the proximal tubule, melanomacrophage centre, glomerular shrinkage, vacuolisation, necrosis and haemorrhage. The evidence of pathological alterations in the liver and kidney of olive barb P. sarana appeared to be a useful biomarker to assess the impact of the toxicity of water pollution in the Surma River.

Effects of Extreme-Ambient Temperatures in Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus): Metabolic, Hemato-Biochemical Responses, Enzymatic Activity and Gill Histomorphology

“…They highlight the importance of maintaining suitable temperature conditions in aquatic environments to ensure the well-being and optimal functioning of fish gills, which are critical for their survival and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. This finding is also supported by Saber [93] who investigated the gill tissues of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. where gill sections of this fish species showed marked histological lesions during low and high temperatures, and by Zaman et al [94] who investigated liver and kidney of Puntias sarana and found numerous histopathological changes.…”

Investigation on parasitic infestation of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in the south‐western region of Bangladesh

“…( 2023 ), Zaman et al. ( 2023 ), and the images were taken by using Optika light microscope, Italy (B9).…”

“…The internal organ such as gill, kidney, liver, stomach and skin were taken carefully and perfectly preserved in 10% neutral buffer formalin for making histological slide preparations. The protocol of histological slide preparation during the experiment was followed as outlined by Rahman et al (2023), Zaman et al (2023), and the images were taken by using Optika light microscope, Italy (B9).…”

“…Bangladesh stands as the world's largest riverine country, boasting a remarkable abundance of productive water resources and a wealth of diverse fisheries (Nasren et al., 2023 ; Zaman et al., 2023 ). Bangladesh holds immense potential in its fisheries sector, encompassing both its inland waters and the territorial seas, which have a rich array of fish species.…”