Evaluation of Horses with Signs of Acute and Chronic Abdominal Pain

Diagnosis, management and prognosis for haemoperitoneum in the horse

“…Diagnostic laparoscopy can also be utilised to identify the source of haemorrhage (Klohnen 2012). This is most frequently done in the standing horse.…”

Diaphragmatic hernias in horses

“…() used thoracoscopy as guidance for a thoracotomy approach via rib resection. Repair of small diaphragmatic defects has been described via laparoscopy with or without hand‐assistance (Hart and Brown ; Klohnen ) although abdominal organs may obscure the defect in some cases (Röcken et al . ).…”

“…Malone et al (2001) used thoracoscopy as guidance for a thoracotomy approach via rib resection. Repair of small diaphragmatic defects has been described via laparoscopy with or without hand-assistance (Hart and Brown 2009;Klohnen 2012) although abdominal organs may obscure the defect in some cases (R€ ocken et al 2013). Thoracoscopy in the standing horse allowed repair of the defect by intrathoracic suture technique in a single case report (R€ ocken et al 2013).…”

“…Thoracoscopy in the standing horse allowed repair of the defect by intrathoracic suture technique in a single case report (R€ ocken et al 2013). Thoracoscopy and laparoscopy offer the advantages of increased visualisation, minimally invasive technique, decreased perioperative pain and post operative morbidity, as well as shortened recovery time compared with conventional surgery (Krohn et al 2010;Klohnen 2012). Nonetheless, potential pleuropulmonary and cardiovascular consequences should be considered when planning and performing thoracoscopy in horses (R€ ocken et al 2013).…”

Small intestinal biopsy and resection in standing sedated horses

“…Indications for standing small intestinal resection and end‐to‐end anastomosis are rarely encountered; acute colic with intestinal distension has been suggested to be a contraindication for standing surgery (Graham and Freeman ), although some authors recommend standing laparoscopic assessment where pain and logistics permit (Klohnen ). This study confirms the inadvisability of this technique for acute strangulation, potentially due in large part to the practical impossibility of decompressing bowel oral to the obstruction.…”