Evaluation of Hospitals Waste Management Process, The Case Study of Duhok City

Abstract

Duhok city, like other cities of the Kurdistan region, has witnessed a population growth that involved an increase in health-care demands, which has affected the waste generation amount from the existing health-care facilities including four hospitals. The objectives of this research are to explore the management of the hospital solid waste, investigate the approaches used for calculating it, and evaluate of its management process. Through this research, a sample of four public and private hospitals has been taken as case studies for investigating the hospitals' solid waste quantity and management.The research findings estimated the solid waste generation rates of the four selected hospitals at 2,856 KG per month (Azadi Hospital -841 Kg, Emergency hospital -459 Kg, Vin Hospital -636 Kg, and Vajin Hospital -920 Kg).Solid waste management is neglected in the private hospitals and inadequate management in the public hospitals in Duhok city because of the lack of regulation, policies, and instruction from the health and environment directorates of Duhok city.

Attitudes and practices of healthcare workers regarding of medical waste management in hospitals of Al-Najaf Governorate

“…Medical Waste Management (MWM) is one of components that reflect the ability of hospital to provide a good standard of heath care. Hospitals, especially in developing countries, usually face difficulties in monitoring (MWM) (Maamari et al, 2019), including Iraq where the process of management is not safe and medical waste is not classified into hazardous or non-hazardous waste , which makes the actual volume of hazardous waste higher, thus poses a threat to the environment and public health (Abdulsamad, 2021). (MWM) is refers to the ways of separating, transporting, storing, treatment, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste that are generated as a result to the process of providing health care (Sarkees, 2018).…”

Knowledge and Practices of HealthCare Workers Regarding of Medical Waste Management in Hospitals of Al Najaf Governorate

“…Medical Waste Management (MWM) is one of elements that reflects the ability of hospitals to provide a good standard of heath care. Hospitals, especially in developing countries, usually face difficulties in monitoring (MWM) [5], including Iraq where the process of management is not safe and medical waste is not classified into hazardous or general waste , which makes the actual volume of hazardous waste higher, thus possesses a threat to the environment and public health [6]. MWM is refers to separation, transportation, storage, treatment, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste that are generated as a result health care providing process [7].…”