Evaluation of humoral response and protective efficacy of two inactivated vaccines against bluetongue virus after vaccination of goats

Evaluation of the Immunogenicity of an Experimental Subunit Vaccine That Allows Differentiation between Infected and Vaccinated Animals against Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 in Cattle

“…Previous studies indicated that the induction of neutralizing antibodies following BTV vaccination is associated with clinical protection, a crucial component of vaccine efficacy (19,45); therefore, the results suggest that the experimental subunit vaccine may induce a level of protection similar to that observed with the commercial inactivated vaccine. Indeed, the ability of the inactivated vaccine to protect ruminants from disease has been shown through its use in the field (43,(46)(47)(48)(49). In addition, it was demonstrated previously that VP2 is a major inducer of neutralizing antibodies following both BTV infection and vaccination (19,26).…”

“…In the experimental vaccine presented in this study, NS1 and NS2 were purposely included in the vaccine design with the aim of inducing a cell-mediated immune response able to form the basis of a future polyvalent vaccine against BTV, while VP2 was chosen to generate a protective neutralizing antibody response against BTV-8. VP7 was selected to satisfy DIVA requirements, since this protein is conserved across all BTV serotypes and is detected at an early stage of infection (43). In the 2006 BTV-8 outbreak in Europe, ELISA kits detecting VP7-specific IgG antibodies were used to identify infections, and kits now also identify IgM antibodies as early as 10 days after BTV infection or vaccination (43,57).…”

“…Sera obtained at 6 weeks were analyzed for the presence of specific BTV-8 antibodies by a serum neutralization test, as described previously (43). The range of dilutions was 1:4 to 1:512, and 8,000 Vero cells were added per well, in 100 l minimal essential medium (Gibco, United Kingdom) supplemented with 1% minimal essential amino acids (Gibco) and 1% HEPES (Gibco).…”

Data collection for risk assessments on animal health (Acronym: DACRAH) : Final Report

“…The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Clinical scores summed over 2 weeks after challenge were 4-7 times smaller than controls (Breard et al, 2011) Bovilis BTV8 …”

“…6 groups with one or more dead animals. (Batten et al, 2014(Batten et al, , 2012Belbis et al, 2013;Breard et al, 2011;Caporale et al, 2014;Coetzee et al, 2013;Planzer et al, 2011;Voegtlin et al, 2013) 1,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,16,17,18,2,20,21,23 …”