Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Stem and Leaves of Ximenia Americana L. in the Healing of Excisional Acute Wounds in Mice

Abstract

The healing activity of hydroalcoholic extracts at 2.5 % of leaves, wood and stem bark of Ximenia americana L. was experimentally investigated in surgically induced skin wounds in mice. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The wound regression percentage was higher in the groups treated with the plant at 14 (80 %) and 21 days (100 %) when compared to the negative control group, and there was a significant reduction (p <0.05) in mononuclear cells number. The fibroplasia process was more evident in the group treated with the stem bark evidenced by the significant increase of fibroblasts, reaching more than 150 % in 21 days period. Hydroalcoholic extracts of X. americana were favorable to the healing process through wound regression, inflammatory cells reduction and increase of fibroblasts number. A atividade cicatrizante dos extratos hidroalcoólicos a 2,5 % das folhas, cascas e madeira do caule de Ximenia americana L. foi investigada experimentalmente em feridas cutâneas cirurgicamente induzidas em camundongos. O estudo fitoquímico revelou a presença de taninos, flavonoides, saponinas e esteroides. O percentual de regressão da ferida foi maior nos grupos tratados com a planta aos 14 (80 %) e 21 dias (100 %) quando comparados ao grupo controle negativo, havendo também redução significativa (p<0,05) do número de células mononucleares. O processo de fibroplasia foi mais evidente no grupo tratado com a casca do caule evidenciado pelo aumento significativo de fibroblastos, chegando a mais de 150 % no período de 21 dias. Os extratos hidroalcoólicos da X. americana mostraram-se favoráveis ao processo de cicatrização através da regressão da ferida, redução de células inflamatórias e aumento do número de fibroblastos.

Evaluation of How Methacrylate Gelatin Hydrogel Loaded with Ximenia americana L. Extract (Steam Bark) Effects Bone Repair Activity Using Rats as Models

“…The aqueous crude extract derived from various parts of the plant, including the leaves, roots, stem and stem bark, contains a range of secondary metabolites. These include tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and triterpenes [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

“…Phytochemical investigations of Ximenia americana L. steam bark reported by Santana et al [ 19 ] and Almeida et al [ 24 ] have revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds in different extracts, including aqueous, ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts. These compounds include condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins, saponins, glycosides, polyphenols, flavonoids and terpenoids [ 23 ]. Flavonoids play a crucial role in various physiological processes within the body.…”