Evaluation of hypomimia in Parkinson's disease using a quantitative face tracking approach

Pegolo, Elena; Ricciardi, Lucia; Volpe, Daniele; Sawacha, Z.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.09.093

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“…A total of 50 PD subjects and 20 healthy control (HC) subjects were enrolled for the study. Power analysis for sample size estimation was applied [ 23 ] ( p = 0.05, power = 80%, values from [ 24 ], Appendix A ). People with idiopathic PD were recruited from the Department of Casa di Cura ‘‘Villa Margherita’’ in Vicenza, and healthy controls were recruited from hospital personnel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chosen values of p value and power were p = 0.05 and power = 80% respectively. Values of FMI metric for happiness emotion were used from [ 24 ]. First, N was computed assuming that the groups were equal sized according to [ 23 ] Equation (2):

where N is the required number of subjects in each group, d is the standardized difference (target difference/standard difference) and

is a constant defined by the values chosen for the p value and power.…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, N was computed assuming that the groups were equal sized according to [ 23 ] Equation (2):

where N is the required number of subjects in each group, d is the standardized difference (target difference/standard difference) and

is a constant defined by the values chosen for the p value and power. In this case

and according to [ 24 ]:

Then N is adjusted according to the actual ratio of the two groups ( k ) with the revised total sample size N ′:

In this case k = 50/17=2.94. Finally, the two individual sample sizes in each of the two groups are: N ′/(1 + k ) and kN ′/(1 + k ) resulting in:

…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chosen values of p value and power were p = 0.05 and power = 80% respectively. Values of FMI metric for happiness emotion were used from [ 24 ].…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, N was computed assuming that the groups were equal sized according to [ 23 ] Equation (2):

where N is the required number of subjects in each group, d is the standardized difference (target difference/standard difference) and

is a constant defined by the values chosen for the p value and power. In this case

and according to [ 24 ]:

…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Evaluation of Hypomimia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Face Tracking Approach

Pegolo

Volpe²,

Cucca

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that mainly affects the motor system. Among other symptoms, hypomimia is considered one of the clinical hallmarks of the disease. Despite its great impact on patients’ quality of life, it remains still under-investigated. The aim of this work is to provide a quantitative index for hypomimia that can distinguish pathological and healthy subjects and that can be used in the classification of emotions. A face tracking algorithm was implemented based on the Facial Action Coding System. A new easy-to-interpret metric (face mobility index, FMI) was defined considering distances between pairs of geometric features and a classification based on this metric was proposed. Comparison was also provided between healthy controls and PD patients. Results of the study suggest that this index can quantify the degree of impairment in PD and can be used in the classification of emotions. Statistically significant differences were observed for all emotions when distances were taken into account, and for happiness and anger when FMI was considered. The best classification results were obtained with Random Forest and kNN according to the AUC metric.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

where N is the required number of subjects in each group, d is the standardized difference (target difference/standard difference) and

is a constant defined by the values chosen for the p value and power.…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, N was computed assuming that the groups were equal sized according to [ 23 ] Equation (2):

where N is the required number of subjects in each group, d is the standardized difference (target difference/standard difference) and

is a constant defined by the values chosen for the p value and power. In this case

and according to [ 24 ]:

Then N is adjusted according to the actual ratio of the two groups ( k ) with the revised total sample size N ′:

In this case k = 50/17=2.94. Finally, the two individual sample sizes in each of the two groups are: N ′/(1 + k ) and kN ′/(1 + k ) resulting in:

…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chosen values of p value and power were p = 0.05 and power = 80% respectively. Values of FMI metric for happiness emotion were used from [ 24 ].…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, N was computed assuming that the groups were equal sized according to [ 23 ] Equation (2):

where N is the required number of subjects in each group, d is the standardized difference (target difference/standard difference) and

is a constant defined by the values chosen for the p value and power. In this case

and according to [ 24 ]:

…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Quantitative Evaluation of Hypomimia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Face Tracking Approach

Pegolo

Volpe²,

Cucca

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Evaluation of hypomimia in Parkinson's disease using a quantitative face tracking approach

Cited by 1 publication

References 1 publication

Quantitative Evaluation of Hypomimia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Face Tracking Approach

Quantitative Evaluation of Hypomimia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Face Tracking Approach

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