Evaluation of<i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) for Control of<i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Citrus in South Africa

Moore, S.D.; Pittaway, Timothy; Bouwer, Gustav; Fourie, Jeremy G.

doi:10.1080/09583150310001655666

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, if the mortality obtained from their combined application is greater than the sum of their separate impacts, the agents are said to act synergistically. Previous work has shown that HaNPV can be used successfully to control H. armigera on various crops, including citrus (Moore et al, 2004) and chickpea (Moshtaghi-Maleki et al, 2014;Ojha et al, 2017). kurstaki (Btk) is an effective biological agent against many lepidopteran pests, including H. armigera (Da Silva et al, 2018), and can be compatible, or even act synergistically, with parasitoids (Mohan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between parasitoids and pathogens for biological control of Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

Allahyari

Aramideh

Safaralizadeh

et al. 2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The chickpea pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera H€ ubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an important pest of many legume crops, including chickpea, Cicer arietinum L. (Fabaceae). We field-tested the efficacy of two pathogens, Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki (Btk), both alone and in combination with the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), for control of H. armigera larvae in chickpea fields. A randomized complete block design was used at two sites, so that wasp release treatments at one site would not contaminate pathogen-only treatments at the other. Pathogens were applied when most pest larvae were in the second instar, and wasp releases were made 2 days later. Number of H. armigera larvae per plant, number of damaged pods, yield (kg ha À1 ), treatment cost (US$ ha À1 ), and benefit:cost ratio were all determined. Treatments separated significantly at 14 days after treatment, with the HaNPV+Hh and Btk+Hh treatments providing the best control, suggesting a synergistic impact of the wasp and the pathogens when applied together. These treatments also produced the fewest damaged pods, the highest yields, and the greatest yield increments in comparison to untreated controls. However, costs were also highest for these combined treatments, which reduced their net benefit in comparison to use of Hh or Btk alone, although more efficient mass production of the pathogens might make combined applications feasible. We conclude that both HaNPV and Btk are suitable for integration with releases of H. hebetor against H. armigera in chickpea fields, provided parasitoid releases are delayed until 2 days after pathogen application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between parasitoids and pathogens for biological control of Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

Allahyari

Aramideh

Safaralizadeh

et al. 2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…The virus has been registered for use and is now commercially produced in South Africa. Moore et al (2004) demonstrated that it was superior to Btk for suppression of the bollworm. Application of 7.26 x 10 5 and 1.15 x 10 6 OBs/ml resulted in 100% reduction in bollworms within 14 days of application.…”

Section: False Codling Moth (Fcm) Cryptophlebia Leucotretamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial control of arthropod pests of tropical tree fruits

Dolinski¹,

Lacey²

2007

Neotrop. Entomol.

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Neotropical Entomology 36(2): 161-179 (2007) Controle Microbiano de Artrópodes-Praga em Fruteiras Tropicais RESUMO -Muitos insetos e ácaros atacam fruteiras nos trópicos. O método tradicional para controlar a maioria dessas pragas é a aplicação de inseticidas químicos. A crescente preocupação sobre os efeitos negativos desses produtos vem encorajando o desenvolvimento de alternativas. Agentes do controle biológico aplicados de forma inundativa ou inoculativa têm sido pesquisados como método de controle alternativo para uma variedade de pragas em grande número de culturas, incluindo fruteiras tropicais. A maioria das pesquisas e aplicações em fruteiras tropicais tem sido feita em citros, insetos. Em banana, o controle do moleque-da-bananeira, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) com nematóides e fungus também é considerado de sucesso. Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) é uma das principais pragas em côco e um dos mais importantes exemplos de controle biológico clássico por vírus não-ocluso. As pragas-chave em manga que têm sido controladas com diferentes agentes de controle microbiano são as moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae), com nematóides e fungos, o gorgulho-da-manga, Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), com fungos, e vários hemípteros com fungo. O controle microbiano de a maior aplicabilidade dessas tecnologias é o desenvolvimento de combinações compatíveis entre entomopatógenos, predadores e parasitóides juntamente com outras técnicas de controle. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bactéria, vírus, fungo, nematóideABSTRACT -A multitude of insects and mites attack fruit crops throughout the tropics. The traditional method for controlling most of these pests is the application of chemical pesticides. Growing concern on the negative environmental effects has encouraged the development of alternatives. Inundatively and inoculatively applied microbial control agents (virus, bacteria, fungi, and entomopathogenic nematodes) have been developed as alternative control methods of a wide variety of arthropods including tropical fruit pests. The majority of the research and applications in tropical fruit agroecosystems has been conducted in citrus, banana, coconut, and mango. Successful microbial control initiatives of citrus pests and mites have been reported. Microbial control of arthropod pests of banana includes banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (with EPNs and fungi) among others Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) is one of the most important pests of coconut and one of the most successful uses of non-occluded virus for classical biological control. Key pests of mango that have fungi), and other pests. Also successful is the microbial control of arthropod pests of guava, papaya and pineapple. The challenge towards a broader application of entomopathogens is the development of successful combinations of entomopathogens, predators, and parasitoids along with other interventions to produce effective and sustainable pest management.

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“…H. armigera single NPV (HearSNPV) (genus Alphabaculovirus) has been shown to be an effective agent for the control of H. armigera (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Several isolates of HearSNPV have been characterized at the molecular and phenotypic levels (32)(33)(34)(35), including some isolates from the Iberian Peninsula (27, 36; M. Arrizubieta, O. Simón, T. Williams, and P. Caballero, submitted for publication).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Novel Binary Mixture of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genotypic Variants Has Improved Insecticidal Characteristics for Control of Cotton Bollworms

Arrizubieta

Simón

Williams

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The genotypic diversity of two Spanish isolates of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) was evaluated with the aim of identifying mixtures of genotypes with improved insecticidal characteristics for control of the cotton bollworm. Two genotypic variants, HearSP1A and HearSP1B, were cloned in vitro from the most pathogenic wild-type isolate of the Iberian Peninsula, HearSNPV-SP1 (HearSP1-wt). Similarly, six genotypic variants (HearLB1 to -6) were obtained by endpoint dilution from larvae collected from cotton crops in southern Spain that died from virus disease during laboratory rearing. Variants differed significantly in their insecticidal properties, pathogenicity, speed of kill, and occlusion body (OB) production (OBs/larva). HearSP1B was ϳ3-fold more pathogenic than HearSP1-wt and the other variants. HearLB1, HearLB2, HeaLB5, and HearLB6 were the fastest-killing variants. Moreover, although highly virulent, HearLB1, HearLB4, and HearLB5 produced more OBs/ larva than did the other variants. The co-occluded HearSP1B:LB6 mixture at a 1:1 proportion was 1.7-to 2.8-fold more pathogenic than any single variant and other mixtures tested and also killed larvae as fast as the most virulent genotypes. Serial passage resulted in modified proportions of the component variants of the HearSP1B:LB6 co-occluded mixture, suggesting that transmissibility could be further improved by this process. We conclude that the improved insecticidal phenotype of the HearSP1B:LB6 co-occluded mixture underlines the utility of the genotypic variant dissection and reassociation approach for the development of effective virus-based insecticides.A lphabaculoviruses (Baculoviridae) are lepidopteran-specific nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) that have been used successfully as biological control agents against several agricultural and forest pests (1). These viruses are characterized by high intraspecific heterogeneity not only between isolates from different geographic regions (2, 3) but also within single isolates that often comprise mixtures of several genotypes present in different proportions (4-8). The molecular heterogeneity of genotypes is often associated with phenotypic differences in pathogenicity, speed of kill, and virus production (8, 9), which are traits of practical importance for the use of these viruses as biological insecticides (10). Infections involving mixtures of genotypes can result in positive (11-14) or negative (15-18) effects on a number of these traits.As natural alphabaculovirus populations in virus-killed insects comprise mixtures of genotypes, the genotypic interactions that modulate the insecticidal characteristics have attracted the attention of insect pathologists (8,(19)(20)(21) and have been used to develop novel products based on unique user-defined genotypic combinations in specific user-defined proportions that result in improved insecticidal properties of the final mixture (22,23). This has resulted in the generation of a novel paradigm for the development of baculovirus-based insectici...

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Evaluation ofHelicoverpa armigeraNucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) for Control ofHelicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Citrus in South Africa

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Synergy between parasitoids and pathogens for biological control of Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

Synergy between parasitoids and pathogens for biological control of Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

Microbial control of arthropod pests of tropical tree fruits

A Novel Binary Mixture of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genotypic Variants Has Improved Insecticidal Characteristics for Control of Cotton Bollworms

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