Evaluation of in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic, antilipidemic and antioxidant potentials of aqueous root extract of Strophanthus hispidus DC (Apocynaceae)

Abstract

Background Antidiabetic activity of aqueous root extract of Strophanthus hispidus (SHP) was evaluated based on its folklore used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential of the aqueous root extract of SHP. Methods SHP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.), glibenclamide (5 mg/kg p.o.), normal saline (10 mL/kg; diabetic control) and distilled water (10 mL/kg; normal control) were administered once daily for 28 days, with the measurement of fasting blood glucose level at 7 days interval. Blood samples were collected on day 28 for serum biochemical (albumin, total protein [TP], creatinine, alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], triglycerides [TG], total cholesterol [TC], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], bilirubin and urea) and hematological assays. The in-vitro antidiabetic activity was investigated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes inhibitory assays. Results SHP produced a day-dependent reduction in glucose level. Peak reduction (82.94 %; p < 0.05) was produced at the dose of 100 mg/kg. SHP significantly (p < 0.05) increased the level of HDL and TP but significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the levels of TG, LDL, TC, AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine and urea compared with diabetic control rats. Furthermore, SHP significantly (p < 0.05) increased the level of catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione compared to diabetic control rats. SHP significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes compared with acarbose. Conclusion The findings in this study showed that SHP possesses beneficial antidiabetic activity.

Aqueous Root Extract of Strophanthus hispidus Demonstrates Antidiabetic Effect in Fructose-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…1 paper. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness in an oven (Gallenkamp ® , Leicestershire, UK) at 40℃ (Fageyinbo et al, 2019).…”

“…Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was measured after 72 h by placing 2 drops of venous blood obtained by pinching the tail of each rat on glucose test strips which were introduced into a glucometer (Accuchek ® ). Rats with glucose level ≥200 mg/dL were considered diabetic and were used in the study (Srinivasan et al, 2005;Aslan et al, 2007;Fageyinbo et al, 2019).…”

“…A sixth group of rats (n=8) served as the nondiabetic and was given distilled water (10 mL/kg). All treatments were given orally once daily for 28 days (Fageyinbo et al, 2019).…”

“…Blood samples collected in EDTA were used for hematological assays (Hb and HbA1c). The animals were thereafter sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the livers were harvested for glycogen assays (Srinivasan et al, 2005;Aslan et al, 2007;Fageyinbo et al, 2019).…”

“…Strophanthus hispidus is vastly reputed in folklore African traditional medicine in the treatment of several inflammatory diseases and diabetes (Burkill, 2000;Odugbemi, 2008). Previous study has authenticated the use of S. hispidus in the management of alloxan-induced Type 1 diabetes (Fageyinbo et al, 2019). Since the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes varies from that of Type 2, we undertook to study the antidiabetic activity of S. hispidus aqueous root extract in a rodent model of Type 2 DM.…”