Evaluation of immune responses and protective efficacy in a goat model following immunization with a coctail of recombinant antigens and a polyprotein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

Trends and advances in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in domestic livestock

“…In accord, tissues were analyzed for histopathological lesions and burden of MAP by culture, where a significant reduction was observed in the group administered the recombinant antigens and dimethydioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), indicating a protective efficacy. MAP was recovered in significantly higher numbers in unvaccinated control animals, which proved the protective efficacy of the recombinant secretory antigens (Kathaperumal et al 2009). …”

“…The ideal characteristics of a diagnostic antigen should be its high antigenic property, uniqueness to MAP, easy recognition in infected animals in early/ late stages/subclinical/clinical stages of infection and should remain recognizable throughout the course of the infection. Theoretically, a diagnostic test of MAP should use a cocktail of antigens due to the spectral nature (Kathaperumal et al 2009), long range of heterogeneous MHC molecules present in various outbred animals (Kathaperumal et al 2009) and differentiated range of antigen expression of MAP (Radosevich et al 2007). Mon et al (2014) recommended on individual antigens that have been able to identify only a subset of pTB in clinically infected animals, but a cocktail of antigens could be a superior candidate for serological diagnosis of pTB.…”

“…It has been reported that a multi-component subunit vaccine provided a better immune response by inducing both Tand B-cell-mediated response where subunit vaccine only induced T-cell responses (Sable, Verma, Behera, et al 2005;. Studies showed that vaccination of goats with cocktail of recombinant secretory antigens provided better protection against MAP infection (Kathaperumal et al 2009). Lymph proliferative response, IFN-g response, CD4C T and CD8C T-cell responses used to assess the protective efficacy of the recombinant antigens indicated a significant Th1 response in immunized goats.…”

Therapeutic Potential of a Candidate relA Deletion Mutant Vaccine of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis

“…paratuberculosis (Map) that induces sterile immunity against Johne's disease (JD) or prevents disease progression. These approaches have included development of killed whole vaccines, live attenuated, DNA and subunit vaccines and tests in different animal species (Bull et al 2007;Park et al 2008;Juste et al 2009;Kathaperumal et al 2009;Scandurra et al 2010;Bastida and Juste 2011;Stabel et al 2012;Faisal et al 2013). Although none of the vaccines induced sterile immunity they did slow disease progression and demonstrated that development of a vaccine that induces sterile immunity is feasible (reviewed in (Rosseels and Huygen 2008).…”

The Johne paradigm: From detection to management to treatment

“…Due to the lack of treatment options for Johne infected cattle 30 and an insufficient vaccine strategy, 31,32 Click drew upon the findings of William D. Richards 33 that Dietzia subspecies C79793-74 inhibited MAP growth in vitro, and set out to determine the effects of Dietzia as a probiotic treatment against MAP infection and Johne disease. The use of probiotics to combat/inhibit intestinal bacterial pathogens is not new.…”