Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

Seeger, K.; Price, Rochelle

doi:10.3382/ps.0350372

Poultry Science

1956

DOI: 10.3382/ps.0350372

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Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

K. Seeger¹,

Rochelle Price²

Abstract: A BOUT twenty years ago, studies on

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“…There were no deaths from pigeon-or fowl-pox vaccinations, nor were there any detectable adverse effects of multiple vac-I N A previous experiment (Seeger and Price, 1956), pigeon-and fowl-pox vaccines were administered to chicks at 1, 5, 10, and 15 days of age. It was found that pigeon-pox vaccine was only partially successful in developing resistance to later fowl-pox challenge, whereas fowl pox was highly successful.…”

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confidence: 98%

Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

Price¹,

Seeger²

1956

Poultry Science

Self Cite

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mentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

Price¹,

Seeger²

1956

Poultry Science

Self Cite

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“…2,7 However, the results of those studies were inconclusive, and because the disease was considered largely a problem in older laying chickens, most recommendations called for the vaccination of pullets at 8-20 weeks of age. But frequent and disastrous outbreaks of FP in broiler chickens, particularly in the southeastern United States, prompted the development of new strategies, and by the 1950s, vaccination for FP in broiler chicks at 1 day of age was initiated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But frequent and disastrous outbreaks of FP in broiler chickens, particularly in the southeastern United States, prompted the development of new strategies, and by the 1950s, vaccination for FP in broiler chicks at 1 day of age was initiated. 7 In the 1970s, FP vaccine was combined with THV for inoculation at day-of-age. 5,8 Vaccines containing various combinations of live viruses, including THV, SB-1, FP virus, and IBD virus, are now used routinely for the vaccination of broiler chicks at the hatchery.…”

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Postural and Neurological Deficits in Broiler Chicks after Cervical Vaccination with Live Vaccine

et al. 2003

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Abstract.A disease characterized by paresis and paralysis was seen in 7-9-day-old broiler chicks after vaccination in the neck area at day-of-age with a live virus vaccine containing viruses of Marek's disease, fowl pox, and infectious bursal disease. Affected birds presented with variable signs of ataxia, lateral recumbency, leg paralysis, and twisting or S-shaped flexure of the neck. Gross lesions noted at necropsy included swelling and edema of the subcutaneous tissues and muscles of the neck at the injection site area. A heavy mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration was seen in the subcutaneous tissues, connective tissues, and muscles of the neck at the injection site. In some cases, the inflammatory process extended along fascial planes to involve the epidural spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Fatty changes with possible demyelination of nerve fibers were noted in some sections of the spinal cord adjacent to the inflammatory lesions. Clusters of poxviruses were found within some inflammatory lesions on transmission electron photomicrographs.A total of 8 separate submissions of broiler chicks showing twisting or S-shaped flexure of the neck, ataxia, lateral recumbency, and various degrees of paresis and paralysis were made to the Turlock branch laboratory of the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, beginning in 1995. Morbidity and mortality rates in the 7-9-day-old chicks approached 6% or more in some affected flocks, primarily because of dehydration and starvation. Within 3-4 days of the onset of the problems, most affected birds either died or were culled out. All affected birds had originated from the same hatchery, where they had been vaccinated in the neck area at day-of-age with a live virus vaccine containing Marek's disease (MD) virus, including SB-1 and turkey herpes virus (THV), fowl pox (FP) virus, and infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus. Penicillin, streptomycin, and fungizone were added to the vaccine as preservatives. Necropsy findings included swelling and edema of the subcutaneous tissues of the neck area, with yellowish discoloration and occasional petechial hemorrhages in affected tissues. Inflammation of the subcutaneous tissues, muscles, and connective tissues of the neck was evident, with a heavy infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, and reticular cells (Fig. 1). In some cases, the inflammatory process extended along fascial planes to involve the epidural spaces surrounding the spinal cord (Fig. 2). Cellular enlargement and vacuolization of epithelioid cells were noted microscopically in some areas of the inflammatory process (Fig. 3). Clusters of viral particles with typical poxvirus morphology were noted within some lesions on electron photomicrographs (Fig. 4). shown) were noted in some areas of the spinal cord adjacent to the mass of inflammatory cells occupying the epidural space.Attempts were made to isolate bacteria from the subcutaneous tissues of the neck at the injection site area and from the brain and liver tissues of affected birds. No bacte...

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Effect of Subcutaneous Pox Vaccination of Young Chicks on Immune Responses and Weight Gains

Springer

Truman

1981

Poultry Science

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Two fowl pox and two pigeon pox vaccines were administered subcutaneously in the dorsum of the neck of specific-pathogen-free (SPAFAS) chicks at day of hatch in separate studies. Treatment levels used were 1:2, 1:10, or 1:50 dilution of the recommended wing web dose. Both pigeon pox vaccines and one fowl pox vaccine depressed body weight gains significantly by day 14. Mean body weight gains of female chicks were less affected by pigeon pox vaccines than by fowl pox vaccines. The mean hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titer to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of chicks given one pigeon pox vaccine at the 1:2 dilution was significantly lower (P less than .01) than titers of sham-treated controls. The number of immunoglobulin-M (IgM) secreting cells in the spleen was significantly less (P less than .05) at day 14 in all pox vaccinated chicks when compared to sham-treated controls.

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Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

Abstract: A BOUT twenty years ago, studies on

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

Evaluation of Immunity to Fowl Pox

Postural and Neurological Deficits in Broiler Chicks after Cervical Vaccination with Live Vaccine

Effect of Subcutaneous Pox Vaccination of Young Chicks on Immune Responses and Weight Gains

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