Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Abstract

This study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

Effect of Different Spacing on the Growth and Yield of California Wonder Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) on Sandy Loam Soil in the Gambia

“…On the other hand, the results of the effect of plant spacing on stem girth during this study showed a statistically significant between the treatments registering the highest maximum stem girth of 38.1 cm in treatment (T1) with spacing (50x50 cm). These results coincided with the finding of Adetoro et al, [14] reporting the highest stem girth in plants with the widest spacing and it was gradually decreased with decreasing plant spacing where the lowest was recorded on the closest spacing.…”

Detection of early harvest cassava clone through plant height development and starch content in dry land of Lampung

“…According to Phoncharoen et al [9], different planting locations would produce different amounts of cassava production. Genotypes differed significantly within and between locations for shoot and root characteristics [10]. Sundari and Yulifianti [11] reported that the interaction between genotype and planting location had a significant effect on the character of cassava production and observed cassava starch content.…”

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) dual use for food and bioenergy: A review

“…More complex approaches utilizing wholegenome single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) like genotyping by sequencing and genome-wide association mapping (dos Santos Silva et al, 2021) have also been harnessed. The major traits targeted in breeding for drought tolerance include enhanced leaf retention (stay green) (Adetoro et al, 2021), root and shoot storage yields, dry matter and starch content (Oliveira et al, 2015).…”