Evaluation of in Vitro Thrombolytic, in Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Stroke Protective Effect of Dalechampia Indica Wight Extract Fractions

Abstract

The present study is to investigate the in vitro thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory and protective effect of extract fractions of Dalechampia indica Wight whole plant against thrombotic ischemia reperfusion (TIR) injury in rats. Firstly extract fractions of Dalechampia indica Wight (EDI & CDI) were prepared from crude extract by partition method. To observe the thrombolytic potential of extract fractions, clot lysis method with streptokinase as standard was used whereas HRBC membrane stabilization was used to study in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. For stroke activity, rats were pretreated with different doses (200 & 400 mg/kg) of EDI and CDI for a month and stroke was induced by Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 30 mins followed by reperfusion for 45 mins along with ferric chloride induced thrombosis in one of the common carotid arteries. We measured infarct size, brain water content, glutamate, and acetylcholine esterase levels. Pre-treatment with EDI and CDI significantly reduced the brain edema, infarct size, glutamate and acetyl cholinesterase levels this may be attributed to the anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic activity of Dalechampia indica. The extract fractions (EDI & CDI) showed dose dependent percentage protection (67.39±2.11 & 52.14±2.31) in HRBC Stabilization method compared with diclofenac which showed 90.18±1.42 % protection. EDI and CDI showed a significant percentage of clot lysis (23.96±1.67 & 18.64±2.09) compared to standard streptokinase (72.86±1.29) while the negative control water revealed 3.34±0.69 % lysis of the clot. From our findings, it is observed that EDI revealed remarkable stroke protective activity. Further studies to observe in vivo clot dissolving potential and to isolate active component(s) of extract will be fruitful.