Evaluation of In vivo antidiarrheal activity of hydro-methanolic extract of the root of Rumex nepalensis in Swiss Albino mice

Andargie, Yared; Sisay, Woretaw; Molla, Mulugeta; Adela, Muluken

doi:10.1016/j.metop.2022.100197

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In Ethiopian traditional medicine, the crushed leaves of M. addat mixed with water are used for the treatment of diarrhea [ 18 ]. In this study, 80% methanol was chosen as an extracting solvent as it has been shown to be more effective in extracting both polar and nonpolar compounds from plant materials [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Antidiarrheal Potential of the Leaf Extract of Maytenus addat (Loes.) Sebsebe and Its Major Compound

Mogose,

Bisrat,

Asres

2024

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Diarrhea continues to be one of the top causes of death in children under the age of five, particularly in developing nations. In Ethiopian traditional medicine, a variety of medicinal plants are used to treat diarrhea. One of these plants is Maytenus addat (Loes.) Sebsebe (fam. Celastraceae), which is endemic to the Afromontane forests, especially along forest margins, of Ethiopia. The air-dried powdered leaves of M. addat were macerated with 80% methanol to yield a crude extract. Additionally, the powdered plant material underwent sequential solvent extraction using chloroform, methanol, and water to obtain solvent fractions. The 80% methanol leaf extract, solvent fractions, and an isolated compound from M. addat were evaluated for their antidiarrheal activity using castor oil-induced diarrheal model, anti-enteropooling test, and charcoal meal test in mice. The results showed that the 80% methanolic leaf extract significantly reduced the onset of diarrhea, the weight of feces, and the frequency of defecation in all the tested doses. The methanol and water fractions of the hydroalcoholic extract also exhibited dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity, with the methanol fraction showing the highest activity at 400 mg/kg dose. Subsequently, the most active methanol fraction was subjected to C-18 solid phase extraction, resulting in the isolation of a 3-hydroxyflavone, identified as quercetin by ESI-qToF-MS, 1H, and 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Quercetin demonstrated a strong antidiarrheal activity in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the present study provided evidence that the leaves of M. addat possess genuine antidiarrheal activity upholding the traditional medicinal use of the plant for the treatment of diarrhea. The findings also suggest that quercetin is responsible, in full or in part, for the activity of the plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Antidiarrheal Potential of the Leaf Extract of Maytenus addat (Loes.) Sebsebe and Its Major Compound

Mogose,

Bisrat,

Asres

2024

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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“…The crushed dry roots of Rumex nepalensis (Spreng) are taken orally to treat diarrhea [ 38 ]. In an in vivo study, its hydromethanolic extract markedly delayed the onset of diarrhea and reduced the weight of wet and total feces at the test doses in a castor oil-induced diarrheal model [ 83 ]. The possible antidiarrheal activities of this plant may be related to its active components such as anthraquinones, naphthalenes, stilbenoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and their derivatives [ 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used to Treat Diarrhea by the People in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia

Damtie

2023

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Diarrheal illness is the second-most common cause of death in under-five children. Worldwide, it results in about 1.7 billion illnesses and 525,000 deaths among under-five children annually. It is the leading cause of malnutrition among under-five children. Different people use medicinal plants to treat diarrhea. The present study aimed to review the medicinal plants used to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region and to diagnose whether the antidiarrheal activities of the medicinal plants have been confirmed by studies using animal models. Methods. The author searched 21 articles from worldwide databases up to December 2022 using Boolean operators (“AND” and “OR”) and the terms “ethnobotanical studies,” “ethnobiology,” “traditional medicine,” “ethnobotanical knowledge,” and “Amhara region.” Results. From the 21 studies reviewed, 50 plant species grouped into 28 families were reported to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region. The top most used families were Lamiaceae (12%), Fabaceae (8%), Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Poaceae (6% each). The modes of administration of the plant parts were orally 98.88% and topically 1.12%. The different extracts of 18 (or 36%) of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region have been proven experimentally in animal models. Conclusions. The people in the Amhara region use different medicinal plants to treat diarrhea. Most of them take the medicinal plants orally. The traditional claim that 60% of medicinal plants are antidiarrheal has been confirmed in in vitro studies.

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“…Alkaloids may interfere with the peristaltic movement of the intestine, slowing down the absorption of electrolytes and water. 67 Saponins also prevent the release of histamine. 68 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…64 Alkaloids may interfere with the peristaltic movement of the intestine, slowing down the absorption of electrolytes and water. 67 Saponins also prevent the release of histamine. 68 The combined effects of extracts for Dfreq (delay in diarrhea start), Gmeq (reduction in gut meal motility as% inhibition), and Pfreq (reduction in the amount of wet stools as% inhibition) are measured by the antidiarrheal index (ADI).…”

Section: Dovepressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activities of the 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Maesa lanceolata Forssk (Myrsinaceae) Leaves in Mice

Megersa,

Dereje,

Adugna

et al. 2023

JEP

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Background Due to the limits of present antidiarrheal medications, it is critical to seek novel, safe, and inexpensive antidiarrheal agents. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the antidiarrheal activity of 80% methanol crude extract and solvent fractions of Maesa lanceolata leaves in mice. Methods Leaf powder was extracted by 80% methanol and then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. At 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, the effects of the crude extract on castor oil-induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and gastrointestinal motility tests were investigated. Tween 2% and atropine used as negative and positive controls, respectively. A gastrointestinal motility test was used to explore the anti-motility effects. Data were analyzed with SPSS V. 26, and the significance was established with a one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey’s test. Results The crude extract delayed the onset of diarrhea and significantly reduced the number of fecal drops at 100 (p<0.05), 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Similarly, the number and weight of wet feces, as well as total fresh feces, were reduced at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001) compared to Tween 2%. The enteropooling test demonstrated that the extracts significantly reduced the volume and weight of intestine content at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). The anti-motility activity test revealed that the all extracts decreased gastrointestinal motility significantly (p<0.001). The ethyl acetate fraction significantly reduced gastrointestinal transit time at all doses (p<0.001). At 400 mg/kg, the activities of the n-hexane fraction were significant (p<0.01). The efficacy of the residual aqueous fraction on gastrointestinal motility was significant at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Conclusion The 80% methanol extract of Maesa lanceolata Forssk leaf and solvent fractions were shown to exhibit potent antidiarrheal activity in the current study.

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Evaluation of In vivo antidiarrheal activity of hydro-methanolic extract of the root of Rumex nepalensis in Swiss Albino mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

In Vivo Antidiarrheal Potential of the Leaf Extract of Maytenus addat (Loes.) Sebsebe and Its Major Compound

In Vivo Antidiarrheal Potential of the Leaf Extract of Maytenus addat (Loes.) Sebsebe and Its Major Compound

Review of Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used to Treat Diarrhea by the People in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia

Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activities of the 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Maesa lanceolata Forssk (Myrsinaceae) Leaves in Mice

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