Evaluation of In vivo Antimalarial Activities of leaves of Moringa oleifera against Plasmodium berghei in Mice

Abstract

Background: In addition to resistance against drugs, no new drugs have reached the market during the last decade for malaria treatment. This implies the urgent need to search for new drugs from different sources. Medicinal plants are one of such sources for novel drugs. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate antimalarial activity of crude extract of leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) in Plasmodium berghei in a mice model. Methods:The acute toxicity test was used as per standard guidelines. To determine parasite inhibition, 4-day Peter's suppressive test was done. Curative and prophylactic tests were done by applying standard methods. Windows SPSS version 16 was used to analyse the data and analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Post Hoc Tukey's HSD to compare results between groups. Results: Death was not observed up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg of the plant extract. In all mice treated with the extract, the level of parasitaemia was significantly reduced in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001) and also a very significant difference was observed in comparison with the chloroquine treated group (P < 0.0001) with lower doses. Mean survival time was significantly increased at all treatment doses. It reduced parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner in both curative and prophylactic activity tests resulting in a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of parasitaemia in comparison with the control group. Conclusions:The result of the current study revealed that the extract possessed significant anti-plasmodial activity as displayed by its ability to suppress P. berghei infection in mice. The present study can be considered as confirmation for traditionally claimed use of the plant against malaria treatment.

Evaluation of the Antimalarial Activity of Crude Extract of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Leaf against Plasmodium berghei in Mice

“…Many plant species used for the management of malaria have been specified within ethnobotanical studies conducted in various regions of Ethiopia [11][12][13][14]. In addition, the results of various animal experiments on different types of traditional medicinal plants showed promising antimalarial activity [15][16][17].…”

In vivo Antimalarial Activities of Five Ugandan Medicinal Plants on Plasmodium berghei in Mice

“…(Moringaceae) is commonly known as moringa or drumstick. It has antihypertensive, antidiabetic [19], antibacterial [20], antinociceptive, larvicidal, antifungal, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antimalarial [21,22] and antisickling [23] activities. The plant has been reported to contain phenols (glucosinolates and isothiocyanates), flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, amino acids, carotenoids, vitamins and sterols [24].…”

Antiplasmodial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Shoot against Plasmodium berghei Infection in Albino Mice

“…The alkaloids, phenols and saponins identified in methanolic extracts of Achyranthes aspera shoot in the study are in-line with the findings reported in a studies conducted by Sharma, Chandhary (2015) and Tiwari et al (2018) on methanolic and ethanolic leaf extract of Achyranthes aspera. Alkaloids were reported to exert antimalarial activity by blocking protein synthesis in P. falciparum (Liu et al, 2017), likewise phenols and tannins are reported to exhibit antimalarial activities (Soh et al, 2012). Phenols have been reported in several plants as the major pharmacological contributors, thereby suggesting that same chemical compounds might be likely the key player for the vast medicinal potentials of Achyranthes aspera.…”

“…Parasitemia was calculated by using the formula below: % Parasiteamia = x100 (12). The mean survival time for each group was determined by finding the average survival time (days) of mice (post-inoculation) over a period of 30 days (D0-D29) as a principle compound that prolonged survival time beyond 12 days is regarded as active (Ural et al, 2014;Mulisa et al, 2018).…”