Evaluation of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars from sub-Himalayan Terai region of India for nutritional attributes and blast resistance

Abstract

Indigenous folk rice cultivars often possess remarkable but unrevealed potential in terms of nutritional attributes and biotic stress tolerance. The unique cooking qualities and blissful aroma of many of these landraces make it an attractive low-cost alternative to high priced Basmati rice. Sub-Himalayan Terai region is bestowed with great agrobiodiversity in traditional heirloom rice cultivars. In the present study, ninety-nine folk rice cultivars from these regions were collected, purified and characterized for morphological and yield traits. Based on traditional importance and presence of aroma, thirty-five genotypes were selected and analyzed for genetic diversity using micro-satellite marker system. The genotypes were found to be genetically distinct and of high nutritive value. The resistant starch content, amylose content, glycemic index and antioxidant potential of these genotypes represented wide variability and ‘Kataribhog’, ‘Sadanunia’, ‘Chakhao’ etc. were identified as promising genotypes in terms of different nutritional attributes. These cultivars were screened further for resistance against blast disease in field trials and cultivars like ‘Sadanunia’, ‘T4M-3-5’, ‘Chakhao Sampark’ were found to be highly resistant to the blast disease whereas ‘Kalonunia’, ‘Gobindabhog’, ‘Konkanijoha’ were found to be highly susceptible. Principal Component analysis divided the genotypes in distinct groups for nutritional potential and blast tolerance. The resistant and susceptible genotypes were screened for the presence of the blast resistant pi genes and association analysis was performed with disease tolerance. Finally, a logistic model based on phenotypic traits for prediction of the blast susceptibility of the genotypes is proposed with more than 80% accuracy.

Nutritional Properties of Rice Varieties Commonly Consumed in Italy and Applicability in Gluten Free Diet

“…Protein content of analysed raw rice (ranged from 5.89 to 8.71 g/100 g) was in line with ranges reported by other studies 6-12 g/100 g [42,44] or 7-9 g/100 g [45]. Differences in terms of protein content have emerged considering either rice variety or cooking method in accordance with data reported in literature [42].…”

Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India harbor rich genetic diversity

“…All these previous studies corroborate our findings of high PIC in the landrace materials. However, lower PIC values were also obtained in several studies involving both Basmati and non-Basmati types of aromatic landraces (Bhuvaneswari et al, 2020;Mondal et al, 2021;Sivaranjani et al, 2010). PIC depends on the type of SSR locus, location on chromosome region, and nature of genetic material analyzed.…”

Hrip1 mediates rice cell wall fortification and phytoalexins elicitation to confer immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae

“…Plant growth and Hrip1 induction were performed as previously described for RNA_Seq and qPCR. M. oryzae (KJ201) spore preparation and treatment were performed in accordance with Zhao et al (2018) and Mondal et al (2021) descriptions. In brief, M. oryzae (KJ201) spores were inoculated on oatmeal agar and incubated in darkness for 10 days at 30°C, then at 24°C to induce spore formation for 4 days.…”