Evaluation of indigenous fungal entomopathogens and aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata against Polyphagotarsonemus latus infesting Jatropha curcas in Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Puspitarini RD, Afandhi A, Fernando I. 2021. Evaluation of indigenous fungal entomopathogens and aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata against Polyphagotarsonemus latus infesting Jatropha curcas in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2648-2655. The broad mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) has been known to cause a great deal of injury on Jatropha curcas (L.) plantation in Indonesia. Isolation of indigenous fungal entomopathogens from rhizosphere soils, followed by pathogenicity assay was conducted to find an effective isolate for controlling P. latus. Additionally, the potential combination of the selected isolate and soursop (Annona muricata L.) aqueous leaf extract (SLE) was investigated. A total of 24 isolates were obtained by using the insect bait method. Four fungal isolates, namely Paecilomyces sp. 1., Lecanicillium sp., Beauveria sp., and Fusarium sp. 1, showed high conidial viability and were chosen as representatives to assess their pathogenicity against P. latus. Among the tested isolates, Beauveria sp. which had the highest conidial viability among the tested isolates, needed a shorter period to completely kill the tested mites. However, the compatibility test revealed the deleterious effect of SLE on Beauveria sp. SLE at all concentrations showed a very toxic effect on the fungus, therefore the two must be applied separately. Our results provide useful information on the effectiveness of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria sp. and aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata as an alternative tool to control the broad mite P. latus on the J. curcas plantation.

Performance and Virulence of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana Grown in Media Derived from Biodegradable Agricultural Wastes Enriched with Cricket Powder

“…Conidia density and viability correlated with the virulence of EPF (Afandhi et al, 2022;Faria et al, 2015). The higher the conidia density, the higher the mortality rate of the insects tested (Puspitarini et al, 2021).…”

Occurrence of soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi within a conventional and organic farm and their virulence against Spodoptera litura

“…There was a large variation in the conidia production and conidial viability among the collected EPF isolates. Xavier-Santos et al (2011) and Puspitarini et al (2021a) suggested that those parameters are determined by the genetic backgrounds of each isolate, hence are strongly species-and strain-specific. A preliminary in vitro assessment on conidia production and conidial viability is carried out to search for effective naturally occurring EPF isolates as biocontrol agents.…”

“…After removing surface litter, 500 g soil at 10-15 cm depth was collected using a garden spade from each sampling unit. The garden spade was sterilized with 85% ethanol after being used to hinder any possible cross-contamination of EPF among the sampling sites (Clifton et al 2015;Puspitarini et al 2021a). Soil samples were put in a plastic bag and brought to the laboratory.…”

“…The obtained cadavers were surface-sterilized in 1% v/v NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) for three minutes, followed by three consecutive washes with sterile distilled water for one minute each (Puspitarini et al 2021a). Each cadaver was then placed in a 9 cm diameter Petri dish lined with moistened filter paper to maintain a humid environment for stimulating the growth and sporulation of EPF (Clifton et al 2015).…”

Bioactivity of extracts from Syzygium aromaticum, Annona muricata, and Piper retrofractum against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…Plant extract from A. muricata extract contain acetogenin compound which give strong enough impact on Lepidoptera larvae through contact, respiration, and digestion [25,29]. Acetogenin inhibits the NADPH enzyme in the mitochondria so that the energy in the cell stops then causes death [6,25,37]. High concentrations of A. muricata leaf extract caused the feeding activity of S. litura larvae has to be stop until death [26].…”