Evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers, carotid intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 treatment-naive patients

Carvalho, Priscila Valéria do Carmo; Caporali, Júlia Fonseca de Morais; Vieira, Érica Leandro Marciano; Guimarães, Nathália Sernizon; Fonseca, Marise Oliveira; Tupinambás, Unaí

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0472-2017

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These associations rely upon correlations between markers of immune activation, such as the frequency of CD38 + HLA-DR + T lymphocytes, with atherosclerosis and CVD among both the general 16 and the HIV-1 infected population 17 – 20 . The same trend is observed for several inflammation markers, such as serum IL-6, IL-1β, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer levels, which are increased in HIV infection and associated with the development and severity of CVD 21 – 26 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Increased biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 viremic controllers and low persistent inflammation in elite controllers and art-suppressed individuals

Caetano

Ribeiro-Alves

Hottz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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HIV controllers (HICs) are models of HIV functional cure, although some studies have shown persistent inflammation and increased rates of atherosclerosis in HICs. Since immune activation/inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), we evaluated clinical data and inflammation markers in HIV-1 viremic controllers (VC), elite controllers (EC), and control groups (HIV positive individuals with virological suppression by antiretroviral therapy—cART; HIV negative individuals—HIVneg) to assess whether they presented elevated levels of inflammation markers also associated with CVD. We observed the highest frequencies of activated CD8+ T cells in VCs, while EC and cART groups presented similar but slightly altered frequencies of this marker when compared to the HIVneg group. Regarding platelet activation, both HICs groups presented higher expression of P-selectin in platelets when compared to control groups. Monocyte subset analyses revealed lower frequencies of classical monocytes and increased frequencies of non-classical and intermediate monocytes among cART individuals and in EC when compared to HIV negative individuals, but none of the differences were significant. For VC, however, significant decreases in frequencies of classical monocytes and increases in the frequency of intermediate monocytes were observed in comparison to HIV negative individuals. The frequency of monocytes expressing tissue factor was similar among the groups on all subsets. In terms of plasma markers, VC had higher levels of many inflammatory markers, while EC had higher levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 compared to control groups. Our data showed that VCs display increased levels of inflammation markers that have been associated with CVD risk. Meanwhile, ECs show signals of lower but persistent inflammation, comparable to the cART group, indicating the potential benefits of alternative therapies to decrease inflammation in this group.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Increased biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 viremic controllers and low persistent inflammation in elite controllers and art-suppressed individuals

Caetano

Ribeiro-Alves

Hottz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that PWH on suppressive ART exhibit a pro-inflammatory immune profile even when viral loads are well below the detection level [ 4 , 9 ], [ 10 ], [ 11 ], [ 12 ], [ 13 ], [ 14 ], [ 15 ], [ 16 ], [ 17 ]. HIV-1 replication persists below the detection threshold in unique bio-niches [ 18 – 21 ].…”

Section: Chronic Inflammation In Hiv-1 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of cannabinoids on inflammasome signaling in HIV-1 infection

Min

Keane

Weinstein

et al. 2023

NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a chronic disease that afflicts over 38 million people worldwide without a known cure. The advent of effective antiretroviral therapies (ART) has significantly decreased the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 infection in people living with HIV-1 (PWH), thanks to durable virologic suppression. Despite this, people with HIV-1 experience chronic inflammation associated with co-morbidities. While no single known mechanism accounts for chronic inflammation, there is significant evidence to support the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome as a key driver. Numerous studies have demonstrated therapeutic impact of cannabinoids, including exerting modulatory effects on the NLRP3 inflammasome. Given the high rates of cannabinoid use in PWH, it is of great interest to understand the intersecting biology of the role of cannabinoids in HIV-1-associated inflammasome signaling. Here we describe the literature of chronic inflammation in people with HIV, the therapeutic impact of cannabinoids in PWH, endocannabinoids in inflammation, and HIV-1-associated inflammation. We describe a key interaction between cannabinoids, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and HIV-1 viral infection, which supports further investigation of the critical role of cannabinoids in HIV-1 infection and inflammasome signaling.

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“…Benzer şekilde ART tedavisi alan hastalarda CIMT progresyonunun araştırıldığı bir çalışmada CIMT ile hs-CRP bazal değerleri arasında pozitif korelasyon saptanmıştır 20 . D-dimer ve CIMT ilişkisinin araştırıldığı bir diğer çalışmada ise iki parametre arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır 26 . Bizim çalışmamızda da CIMT ile CRP ve D-dimer arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

HIV ile Yaşayan Bireylerde İmmunolojik ve İnflamatuar Belirteçler ile Karotis Arter İntima-Media Kalınlığı Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılması

2022

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Amaç: Bu çalışmada HIV ile yaşayan bireylerde (HİYB) immünolojik belirteçler olan CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8; inflamatuar parametrelerden C-reaktif protein (CRP), Eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı (ESH), prokalsitonin, D-dimer; hemogram sonuçlarından elde edilen nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLR), platelet/lenfosit oranı (PLR) ve CRP/lenfosit oranı (CLR) değerleri ile karotis arter intima-media kalınlığı (CIMT) arasında ilişki olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel, tek merkezli çalışmaya Haziran 2020- Kasım 2021 tarihleri arasında merkezimizde takipli, 18-40 yaş aralığında olup ek hastalığı (obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalık, diyabetes mellitus, hipertansiyon) olmayan, antiretroviral tedavi (ART) alan, HIV-RNA’sı negatif olan (viral suprese) 49 HİYB dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik, antropometrik ve laboratuvar verileri kaydedildi. Her hastanın CIMT ölçümü B-mode Ultrasonografi ile yapıldı. Subklinik ateroskleroz için CIMT cut-off değeri 0.9 mm kabul edildi. Bulgular: Olguların medyan ART kullanım süresi 19 (8-43) ay, medyan CD4 sayısı 605 (438-913) hücre/μL, sağ CIMT ölçüm medyan değeri 0.48 mm (0.42-0.58) ve sol CIMT medyan değeri 0.46 mm (0.41-0.58) olarak saptandı. Hiçbir hastada plak formasyonu gözlenmedi. Medyan CIMT ile ART kullanım süresi arasında pozitif ve düşük orta düzeyde (rho=0.341, p=0.016), medyan CIMT ile yaş arasında ise pozitif ve orta düzeyde bir korelasyon saptandı (rho=0.517, p

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Evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers, carotid intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 treatment-naive patients

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Increased biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 viremic controllers and low persistent inflammation in elite controllers and art-suppressed individuals

Increased biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 viremic controllers and low persistent inflammation in elite controllers and art-suppressed individuals

The impact of cannabinoids on inflammasome signaling in HIV-1 infection

HIV ile Yaşayan Bireylerde İmmunolojik ve İnflamatuar Belirteçler ile Karotis Arter İntima-Media Kalınlığı Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılması

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