Evaluation of infliximab/tocilizumab versus tocilizumab among COVID-19 patients with cytokine storm syndrome

Sarhan, Neven; Warda, Ahmed E. Abou; Ibrahim, Haytham Soliman Ghareeb; Schaalan, Mona F.; Fathy, Shaimaa

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-33484-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A recent study showed that moderate to severe COVID-19 patients benefitted more from the administration of tocilizumab and another immunosuppressive medication called infliximab, in addition to the standard treatment [153]. However, one therapeutic agent may not be sufficient to improve multifarious outcomes in various stages of a disease.…”

Section: Future Perspectives: Potential Aims and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19

Naik,

Patel,

Sen

2024

JDB

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Developmental biology is intricately regulated by epigenetics and metabolism but the mechanisms are not completely understood. The situation becomes even more complicated during diseases where all three phenomena are dysregulated. A salient example is COVID-19, where the death toll exceeded 6.96 million in 4 years, while the virus continues to mutate into different variants and infect people. Early evidence during the pandemic showed that the host’s immune and inflammatory responses to COVID-19 (like the cytokine storm) impacted the host’s metabolism, causing damage to the host’s organs and overall physiology. The involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the pivotal host receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, was identified and linked to epigenetic abnormalities along with other contributing factors. Recently, studies have revealed stronger connections between epigenetics and metabolism in COVID-19 that impact development and accelerate aging. Patients manifest systemic toxicity, immune dysfunction and multi-organ failure. Single-cell multiomics and other state-of-the-art high-throughput studies are only just beginning to demonstrate the extent of dysregulation and damage. As epigenetics and metabolism directly impact development, there is a crucial need for research implementing cutting-edge technology, next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, the identification of biomarkers and clinical trials to help with prevention and therapeutic interventions against similar threats in the future.

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Section: Future Perspectives: Potential Aims and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19

Naik,

Patel,

Sen

2024

JDB

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“…We have previously shown that important pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, were present at excessive concentration in the mouse lungs during MHV-3 infection and account for disease severity [24]. In line, inhibition of cytokines signaling has been shown to protect mice from MHV-3 infection [24,43], as well as mitigate damage in human cells and organs caused by SARS-CoV-2 [44,45]. As shown in Figure 4, there was an increase in the intrapulmonary concentrations of TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ at 3 dpi, in the STD group.…”

Section: Vitamin D Mitigates Inflammation and Acute Lung Damage Induc...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Dietary Vitamin D Mitigates Coronavirus-Induced Lung Inflammation and Damage in Mice

Campolina-Silva,

Andrade,

Couto

et al. 2023

Viruses

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (β-CoV) betacoronavirus has posed a significant threat to global health. Despite the availability of vaccines, the virus continues to spread, and there is a need for alternative strategies to alleviate its impact. Vitamin D, a secosteroid hormone best known for its role in bone health, exhibits immunomodulatory effects in certain viral infections. Here, we have shown that bioactive vitamin D (calcitriol) limits in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2 and murine coronaviruses MHV-3 and MHV-A59. Comparative studies involving wild-type mice intranasally infected with MHV-3, a model for studying β-CoV respiratory infections, confirmed the protective effect of vitamin D in vivo. Accordingly, mice fed a standard diet rapidly succumbed to MHV-3 infection, whereas those on a vitamin D-rich diet (10,000 IU of Vitamin D3/kg) displayed increased resistance to acute respiratory damage and systemic complications. Consistent with these findings, the vitamin D-supplemented group exhibited lower viral titers in their lungs and reduced levels of TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, alongside an enhanced type I interferon response. Altogether, our findings suggest vitamin D supplementation ameliorates β-CoV-triggered respiratory illness and systemic complications in mice, likely via modulation of the host’s immune response to the virus.

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“…The repurposed antiviral drugs used to treat COVID-19 may provide protection against infection or speed up recovery, but all COVID-19 antiviral drugs currently on the market have drawbacks that may prevent their use by the general public [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. For example, remdesivir administration led to mild to moderate undesirable outcomes, including but not restricted to liver toxicity, queasiness, anemia, kidney impairment, low blood pressure, respiratory collapse, and constipation, among other things [38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Anti-coronavirus Plant Secondary Metabolites in COVID-19 Drug Discovery as an Alternative to Repurposed Drugs: A Review

Alipour,

Zarezadeh,

Ghotbi-Ravandi

2023

Planta Med

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In early 2020, a global pandemic was announced due to the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), known to cause COVID-19. Despite worldwide efforts, there are only limited options regarding antiviral drug treatments for COVID-19. Although the vaccines are now available, issues such as declining efficacy against different SARS-CoV-2 variants and aging of vaccine-induced immunity highlight the importance of finding more antiviral drugs as a second line of defense against the disease. Drug repurposing has been used to rapidly find COVID-19 therapeutic options. Due to the lack of clinical evidence for the therapeutic benefits and certain serious side effects of repurposed antivirals, the search for an antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2 with fewer side effects continues. In recent years, numerous studies have included antiviral chemicals from a variety of plant species. A better knowledge of the possible antiviral natural products and their mechanism against SARS-CoV-2 will help to develop stronger and more targeted direct-acting antiviral agents. The aim of the present study was to compile the current data on potential plant metabolites that can be investigated in COVID-19 drug discovery and development. This review represents a collection of plant secondary metabolites and their mode of action against SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

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Evaluation of infliximab/tocilizumab versus tocilizumab among COVID-19 patients with cytokine storm syndrome

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19

Developmental Impacts of Epigenetics and Metabolism in COVID-19

Dietary Vitamin D Mitigates Coronavirus-Induced Lung Inflammation and Damage in Mice

The Potential of Anti-coronavirus Plant Secondary Metabolites in COVID-19 Drug Discovery as an Alternative to Repurposed Drugs: A Review

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