Evaluation of Injectable Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels for Endodontic Tissue Regeneration

Astudillo-Ortiz, Esteban; Babo, Pedro S.; Reis, Rui L.; Gomes, Manuela E.

doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0171.v1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…Pluripotency of periodontal ligament and dental pulp cells is induced by intercellular communication via the CDX2/Oct-4/Sox2 pathway the potential to differentiate into dental chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes (8,9). Despite inevitable senescence in culture, resulting in potential phenotypic alterations, the cells represent promising repositories of stem cells for repairing dental tissue (10). Thus, the maintenance of the stemness of DPCs and PLDCs in culture is an important challenge.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Pluripotency of periodontal ligament and dental pulp cells is induced by intercellular communication via the CDX2/Oct-4/Sox2 pathway

Wei¹,

Peng²

2022

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Intercellular communication in the environments of mature or aged cells can restore and regenerate their function and promote the expression of pluripotency markers. The regeneration of dental tissue is stimulated by periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and dental pulp cells (DPCs). However, the communication networks between the cells and their microenvironments are poorly understood.Methods: In this study, gene expression was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, dual-luciferase assays, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to analyze the signaling pathways associated with pluripotency after the knockdown or overexpression of caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2).Results: Elevated levels of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (Sox2) and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4) were observed in the co-culture system, while the levels of CDX2 were significantly reduced. The overexpression of CDX2 promoted cell apoptosis and reduced the synthesis stage of the cell cycle. CDX2 was shown to bind directly to the promoter regions of Sox2 and Oct-4. The silencing of CDX2 promoted calcium deposition, adipogenic differentiation, and elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the DPCs.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the enhancement of DPC and PDLC pluripotency by intercellular communication. CDX2 plays a significant part in the regulation of DPC and PDLC pluripotency via its regulation of Oct-4 and Sox2 expression.

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Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Pluripotency of periodontal ligament and dental pulp cells is induced by intercellular communication via the CDX2/Oct-4/Sox2 pathway

Wei¹,

Peng²

2022

Ann Transl Med

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A Comprehensive Review of Cross-Linked Gels as Vehicles for Drug Delivery to Treat Central Nervous System Disorders

Mashabela

Maboa

Miya

et al. 2022

Gels

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Gels are attractive candidates for drug delivery because they are easily producible while offering sustained and/or controlled drug release through various mechanisms by releasing the therapeutic agent at the site of action or absorption. Gels can be classified based on various characteristics including the nature of solvents used during preparation and the method of cross-linking. The development of novel gel systems for local or systemic drug delivery in a sustained, controlled, and targetable manner has been at the epitome of recent advances in drug delivery systems. Cross-linked gels can be modified by altering their polymer composition and content for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. These modifications have resulted in the development of stimuli-responsive and functionalized dosage forms that offer many advantages for effective dosing of drugs for Central Nervous System (CNS) conditions. In this review, the literature concerning recent advances in cross-linked gels for drug delivery to the CNS are explored. Injectable and non-injectable formulations intended for the treatment of diseases of the CNS together with the impact of recent advances in cross-linked gels on studies involving CNS drug delivery are discussed.

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Self-Crosslinkable Oxidized Alginate-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogels as an Injectable Cell Carrier for In Vitro Dental Enamel Regeneration

Mohabatpour

Yazdanpanah

Papagerakis

et al. 2022

JFB

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Injectable hydrogels, as carriers, offer great potential to incorporate cells or growth factors for dental tissue regeneration. Notably, the development of injectable hydrogels with appropriate structures and properties has been a challenging task, leaving much to be desired in terms of cytocompatibility, antibacterial and self-healing properties, as well as the ability to support dental stem cell functions. This paper presents our study on the development of a novel self-cross-linkable hydrogel composed of oxidized alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan and its characterization as a cell carrier for dental enamel regeneration in vitro. Oxidized alginate was synthesized with 60% theoretical oxidation degree using periodate oxidation and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. Then, hydrogels were prepared at three varying weight ratios of oxidized alginate to carboxymethyl chitosan (4:1, 3:1, and 2:1) through Schiff base reactions, which was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. The hydrogels were characterized in terms of gelation time, swelling ratio, structure, injectability, self-healing, antibacterial properties, and in vitro characterization for enamel regeneration. The results demonstrated that, among the three hydrogels examined, the one with the highest ratio of oxidized alginate (i.e., 4:1) had the fastest gelation time and the lowest swelling ability, and that all hydrogels were formed with highly porous structures and were able to be injected through a 20-gauge needle without clogging. The injected hydrogels could be rapidly reformed with the self-healing property. The hydrogels also showed antibacterial properties against two cariogenic bacteria: Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. For in vitro enamel regeneration, a dental epithelial cell line, HAT-7, was examined, demonstrating a high cell viability in the hydrogels during injection. Furthermore, HAT-7 cells encapsulated in the hydrogels showed alkaline phosphatase production and mineral deposition, as well as maintaining their round morphology, after 14 days of in vitro culture. Taken together, this study has provided evidence that the oxidized alginate-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels could be used as an injectable cell carrier for dental enamel tissue engineering applications.

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Evaluation of Injectable Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels for Endodontic Tissue Regeneration

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Pluripotency of periodontal ligament and dental pulp cells is induced by intercellular communication via the CDX2/Oct-4/Sox2 pathway

Pluripotency of periodontal ligament and dental pulp cells is induced by intercellular communication via the CDX2/Oct-4/Sox2 pathway

A Comprehensive Review of Cross-Linked Gels as Vehicles for Drug Delivery to Treat Central Nervous System Disorders

Self-Crosslinkable Oxidized Alginate-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogels as an Injectable Cell Carrier for In Vitro Dental Enamel Regeneration

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