Evaluation of intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and immunoglobulin a in diversion colitis

Tominaga, Kentaro; Tsuchiya, Atsunori; Mizusawa, Takeshi; Matsumoto, Asako; Minemura, Ayaka; Oka, Koichiro; Takahashi, Motomichi; Yosida, Tomoaki; Kawata, Yuzo; Takahashi, Kazuya; Sato, Hiroki; Ikarashi, Satoshi; Hayashi, Kazunao; Mizuno, Ken ichi; Tajima, Yosuke; Nakano, Masato; Shimada, Yasuhiro; Kameyama, Hitoshi; Yokoyama, Junji; Wakai, Toshifumi; Terai, Shuji

doi:10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100892

Cited by 13 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Consistent with previous studies of gut microbiota in DC (4,5,6) we detected a high baseline abundance of anaerobic genera, specifically Fusubacterium (6). Wide variation in 16S signatures across time points (Figure 2), might reflect microbial variability in ileostomy fecal transplants or differential patient response to the first and second treatments.…”

Section: Findings and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Reactivation of Crohn’s colitis in an adolescent following serial autologous fecal transplants for diversion colitis: A case report with multiomic characterization

Polanco

Murach

Hoffman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Autologous fecal transplant (AFT, transfer of ileostomy feces to the colon) for diversion colitis (DC) has not yet been described in children or adolescents. We performed serial AFTs in a 16-year-old with Crohn’s disease and DC. As evidenced by endoscopic, histologic, laboratory, and multiomic profiling of the colon, the first AFT led to interval improvement in DC, whereas the second AFT reactivated Crohn’s colitis. These findings ultimately guided shared decision-making towards total colectomy.

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Section: Findings and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Reactivation of Crohn’s colitis in an adolescent following serial autologous fecal transplants for diversion colitis: A case report with multiomic characterization

Polanco

Murach

Hoffman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The microbiota showed a change in the proportion of some species, especially Lactobacillus , which was significantly decreased in the diverted colon. 9 We also showed that intestinal short‐chain fatty acids were significantly decreased, and intestinal IgA was significantly increased in the diverted colon. Our results suggested that short‐chain fatty acids affected the microbiota, such as Lactobacillus , which plays a role in the immunity of the diverted colon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Since the method for assessing inflammation of DC has not yet been established, we performed endoscopy for all patients and evaluated the inflammation of the diverted colon using the UCEIS score. 9 All five patients had mild inflammation (UCEIS score 2 or 3), such as erythema and mucosal friability, as detected via endoscopy (Table 1 ). We could detect mucosal bleeding and blurring of vascular pattern in all five patients and erosions in two patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“… 8 We also previously reported on the microbiota, intestinal short‐chain fatty acids, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the diverted colon in eight patients who underwent colostomies. 9 In the present study, five of these eight patients underwent autologous FMT, and we compared the endoscopic findings and intestinal microbiota before and after the treatment. This present study aimed to evaluate the utility of autologous FMT and to determine the changes in the intestinal microbiota of DCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of autologous fecal microbiota transplantation and elucidation of microbiota in diversion colitis

et al. 2021

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Objectives Diversion colitis (DC) is an inflammatory disorder caused by interruption of the fecal stream and subsequent nutrient deficiency from luminal bacteria. The utility of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for DC was recently investigated; however, the precise pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of autologous FMT in DC and to determine the related changes in the intestinal microbiota. Methods Autologous FMT was performed to reestablish the intestinal microbiota in five patients (average age, 64.6 ± 8.3 years) with DC. They underwent double‐ended colostomy. We assessed the diverted colon by endoscopy and evaluated the microbiota before and after FMT using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Results All five patients had mild inflammation (ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity [UCEIS] 2–3) in the diverted colon based on the colonoscopic findings. Three patients presented with symptoms, such as tenesmus, mucoid stool, and bloody stool. With FMT treatment, all patients achieved endoscopic remission (UCEIS score of 0 or 1) and symptomatic improvement. We observed a significantly decreased α‐diversity in DC patients compared to healthy controls. The frequency of aerobic bacteria, such as Enterobacteriaceae , in the diverted colon decreased after autologous FMT. Conclusions This study was the first to show that the microbiota in the diverted colon was significantly affected by autologous FMT. Since interruption of the fecal stream is central to the development of DC, FMT can be considered a promising treatment.

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“…SCFAs affect peripheral blood mononuclear cells as HDAC inhibitors, leading to inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (Usami et al, 2008). SCFA also maintains intestinal homeostasis by promoting the production of antimicrobial peptides, such as RegIIIγ and β-defensins (Zhao et al, 2018) and by promoting the production of intestinal IgA (Tominaga et al, 2021). In addition, SCFA can regulate the differentiation and function of T cells, especially promoting the differentiation of Treg and production of IL-10 by T cells, thus inhibiting inflammation (Atarashi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Human Bacterial Microbiota/human Bacteriomementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease

Chen

Wang

2021

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease

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Gut microbiota refers to the complex aggregation of microbes in gut, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, and they exert marked influence on the host's health. Perturbations in the gut microbiota have been closely linked to initiation and progression of IBD, which has become a disease with accelerating incidence worldwide, but it remains to be thoroughly investigated how microbial involvement might contribute to IBD. In this review, we discuss the current research findings concerning alterations in the gut microbiota, trans‐kingdom interaction between the members of the gut microbiota, their interactions with the immune system of host, their potential role in the IBD pathogenesis, and the relationship between gut microbiota and IBD. We hope to provide a better understanding of the causes of IBD and shed light on the development of microbiome‐based therapeutic approaches, which might be a promising strategy to alleviate, manage, and eventually cure IBD.This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Infectious Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology

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Evaluation of intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and immunoglobulin a in diversion colitis

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Reactivation of Crohn’s colitis in an adolescent following serial autologous fecal transplants for diversion colitis: A case report with multiomic characterization

Reactivation of Crohn’s colitis in an adolescent following serial autologous fecal transplants for diversion colitis: A case report with multiomic characterization

Utility of autologous fecal microbiota transplantation and elucidation of microbiota in diversion colitis

Gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease

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