Evaluation of invertebrate biometrics and the influence of subsample size using data from some Westland, New Zealand, lowland streams

Duggan, Ian C.; Collier, Kevin J.; Lambert, Paul

doi:10.1080/00288330.2002.9517075

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Richness metrics were also affected by sample size in lowland streams in Westland (Duggan et al 2002). We quantified the variability in metric values and the effects of sample size to highlight the importance of: (1) standardising sample area; (2) using entire samples to calculate metrics; (3) using biotic indices; and (4) using caution when interpreting richness data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of standard protocols for macroinvertebrate assessment of soft‐bottomed streams in New Zealand

Maxted¹,

Evans²,

Scarsbrook³

2003

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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Macroinvertebrate communities in hardbottomed (HB) and soft-bottomed (SB) streams were compared to address questions on sample substrata, sample area, and data interpretation. Communities at HB and SB reference sites (native bush catchments) were distinctly different. SB reference sites had 50% of the total taxa, 33% of the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) taxa, and significantly lower Macroinvertebrate Community Index (MCI) and Semi-Quantitative MCI (SQMCI) scores than HB reference sites. Ten EPT genera were abundant (>20 individuals per sample) at HB reference sites compared with one EPT genus (Zephlebia) at SB reference sites. The densities of macroinvertebrates at SB reference sites were <10% of those at HB sites indicating the need to sample a larger area to obtain a representative sample. SB sites with severe urban and rural land use disturbance had significantly lower metric values than SB reference sites. The SQMCI was the only metric sensitive to moderate disturbance, and multivariate ordination further supported the value of relative abundance data in detecting moderate impairment in SB streams. Hand sampling of submerged wood added 16-40% more taxa in total, and 11-44% more EPT taxa to sweep-net samples, indicating the importance of directly sampling wood in SB streams. The results supported separate collection methods and data interpretations for HB and SB streams proposed in recently published New Zealand protocols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of standard protocols for macroinvertebrate assessment of soft‐bottomed streams in New Zealand

Maxted¹,

Evans²,

Scarsbrook³

2003

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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“…Dunlop and Fergusson Creek samples were closely associated with one another on the bottom left side of the ordination, and Murray Creek samples plotted near the top of the ordination. Murray Creek appeared to have the most severe localised impacts from farming among the Westland sites, as indicated by a much lower habitat quality (assessed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) lowland stream habitat score) and stability of that site (Duggan et al 2002).…”

Section: Intra-regional Patterns In Invertebrate Community Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecoregional differences in macrophyte and macroinvertebrate communities between Westland and Waikato: Are all New Zealand lowland streams the same?

Duggan

Collier

Champion

et al. 2002

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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We characterised water chemistry, aquatic habitat, macrophytes, and invertebrate assemblages in eight lowland streams-five in Westland, South Island, and three in the Waikato, North Island, New Zealand. Factors influencing invertebrate community structure over large (between ecoregions) and small (within an ecoregion) spatial scales were investigated. The Westland sites had generally lower nutrient concentrations, conductivity, and water clarity, and coarser substrates than the Waikato sites, reflecting differences in geological history, hydrology, and land-use intensity. The macrophyte communities in each region were very different in species composition and structure, but seasonal abundance patterns in both regions were fairly typical of New Zealand streams in general. Alien obligate submerged macrophyte species were absent from the Westland lowland stream sites, and may partly reflect the isolated nature of this region where colonisation by asexual macrophytes would be difficult. Waikato stream invertebrate faunas were *Author for correspondence. M02006; Published 14 November Received 23 January 2002; accepted 19 July 2002dominated by molluscs (mainly Potamopyrgus) and crustaceans (mainly amphipods), whereas Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, and Coleoptera taxa dominated the Westland stream faunas. The overall structure of invertebrate assemblages appeared to be influenced by a combination of regional differences in substrate type, nutrient concentrations, water clarity, and macrophyte cover. Westland streams with more upstream pastoral development had higher proportions of molluscs than those with predominantly forested or scrub catchments. Our study suggests that large-scale ecoregional differences may override smaller-scale land-use effects on lowland stream invertebrate communities, and that management strategies should be developed on an ecoregional basis for lowland stream ecosystems.

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“…Prevalence of parasite infection in dogs with importance for human health is usually high, resulting in risk of zoonotic transmission from dogs to humans [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96]. Co-habitation of human with dog and cat pets enhances transmission of Toxocara.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxocariasis and Public Health: An Epidemiological Review

Chigozie¹

2017

Glob J Infect Dis Clin Res

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An epidemiological review of toxocariasis aimed to underpin its prevalence, proclivity and prognosis was undertaken. Human toxocariasis constitutes one of the most common parasitic infections worldwide, which is more prevalent in developing and tropical countries. Human infection is caused by ingesting the eggs which were shed in the faeces of the defi nite dog or cat host. There is a range of clinical manifestations of toxocariasis in human, but the two classical clinical syndromes often described are visceral and ocular larva migrans. The clinical signs and complications which result from infection with this parasite are mostly dependent on the number and migration locations of Toxocara larvae. Visual identifi cation of larvae in tissues and organs is the gold standard for toxocariasis diagnosis in human, while an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay detecting Imunoglobulin-G antibodies against Toxocara excretory-secretory antigen is the reference test for immunodiagnosis. In human, loss of vision, hypereosinophilia, encephalitis and problems involving the liver, lung and the central nervous system are the most important complications. Poor hygiene, poverty and lack of education can exacerbate the exposure to Toxocara infection. Albendazole is the treatment of choice for toxocariasis. Conclusively, the present review recommends that regular stool examination and frequent chemotherapy of pets can be effective in reducing the egg number deposited in soil; reducing the number of pet animals or limiting contacts of small children with them and good hygiene practices will limit transmission of toxocariasis.

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Evaluation of invertebrate biometrics and the influence of subsample size using data from some Westland, New Zealand, lowland streams

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Development of standard protocols for macroinvertebrate assessment of soft‐bottomed streams in New Zealand

Development of standard protocols for macroinvertebrate assessment of soft‐bottomed streams in New Zealand

Ecoregional differences in macrophyte and macroinvertebrate communities between Westland and Waikato: Are all New Zealand lowland streams the same?

Toxocariasis and Public Health: An Epidemiological Review

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