Evaluation of Japanese encephalitis virus polytope DNA vaccine candidate in BALB/c mice

Kulkarni, Reshma; Sapkal, Gajanan; Gore, Milind M.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2012.09.006

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This model was used in various studies on DNA and chimeric peptide vaccines (1,30,66). Weanling mice have a permeable BBB and delays brain function.…”

Section: Studies In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Encompassing these antigens in virus-like particles (VLP) has proven efficacious for the hepatitis B virus hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). In addition, to generate highly specific portions of protective region of a protein, B and T cell epitopes as immunogens have been extensively studied (66). Preparation of chimeric T helper and B cell peptides has also been used as immunogen (30).…”

Section: Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccines Against Dengue and West Nile Viruses in India: The Need of the Hour

Gore

2020

Viral Immunology

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The circulation of flaviviruses, dengue (DEN), Japanese encephalitis ( JE) and West Nile (WN) viruses, and others, is generating a major concern in many countries. Both JE along with DEN have been endemic in large regions of India. WN virus infection, although circulating in southern regions for many years, in recent years, WN encephalitis patients have been demonstrated. While vaccines against JE have been developed and decrease outbreaks, in case of DEN and WN, vaccines are still in developing level, especially, it has been difficult to achieve the long-term protective immune response. The first licensed DEN vaccine, which is a live attenuated vaccine, was administered in countries where the virus is endemic, and has a potential to cause serious side effects, especially when administered to younger population as observed in the Philippines vaccination drive. In the case of WN, although the purified inactivated virion-based vaccine worked effectively as a veterinary vaccine for horses, no effective vaccine has yet been licensed for humans. The induction of CD4 + and CD8 + T cell responses is essential to complete protection by these viruses, as evidenced by responses to asymptomatic infections. Many studies have shown that neutralizing antibody (NAb) response is against surface structural proteins; CD4 + and CD8 + responses are mainly directed against nonstructural proteins rather than NAb response. New data suggest that encapsulating virus vaccines in nanoparticles (NPs) will direct antigen in cytoplasmic compartment by antigen-presenting cells, which will improve presentation to CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. Since tissue culture-derived, purified inactivated viruses are easier to manufacture and safer than developing live virus vaccines, inclusion of NP provides an attractive alternative for generating robust flaviviral vaccines that are affordable with long-lived protection.

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“…This model was used in various studies on DNA and chimeric peptide vaccines (1,30,66). Weanling mice have a permeable BBB and delays brain function.…”

Section: Studies In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines Against Dengue and West Nile Viruses in India: The Need of the Hour

Gore

2020

Viral Immunology

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“…This exciting technology has some important implications especially in the development of DENV vaccines as it could provide concurrent protection against all DENV serotypes thereby limiting the adverse effects of ADE which current vaccines have been unable to circumvent. This novel approach is being applied to develop new flavivirus vaccines that target the surface exposed E and prM and NS1 proteins which were previously shown to be highly immunogenic and elicit a favorable immune response (Ahsan and Gore, 2011; Azevedo et al , 2013; Costa et al , 2007; Costa et al , 2006a; Costa et al , 2006b; Davis et al , 2008b; Kulkarni et al , 2012; Lu et al , 2013; Schneeweiss et al , 2011). A DNA vaccine targeting DENV (designated D1ME100) and WNV previously entered in phase 1 of clinical trials produced favorable results (Beckett et al , 2011).…”

Section: Therapeutic Approaches To Flaviviral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flaviviruses, an expanding threat in public health: focus on dengue, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis virus

2014

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The flaviviruses Dengue, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis represent three major mosquito-borne viruses worldwide. These pathogens impact the lives of millions of individuals and potentially could affect non-endemic areas already colonized by mosquito vectors. Unintentional transport of infected vectors (Aedes and Culex sp), traveling within endemic areas, rapid adaptation of the insects into new geographic locations, climate change, and lack of medical surveillance have greatly contributed to the increase in flaviviral infections worldwide. The mechanisms by which flaviviruses alter the immune and the central nervous system have only recently been examined despite the alarming number of infections, related deaths, and increasing global distribution. In this review, we will discuss the expansion of the geographic areas affected by flaviviruses, the potential threats to previously unaffected countries, the mechanisms of pathogenesis, and the potential therapeutic interventions to limit the devastating consequences of these viruses.

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“…Adjacent epitope units in the polytope construct were joined by highly flexible spacer sequences as linker, Polytope construct of JEV (P-JEV), was cloned inframe into pcDNA3.1/V5-His which is a transient expression vector (14). The protection observed following challenge of mice immunized by intramuscular route was 70% (15,16).…”

Section: Integrated Studies At Niv Leading To Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese encephalitis virus: Uniqueness of immune response, vaccine development and future challenges

Gore

2016

Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India)

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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major seasonal health problem in many rural areas in India and other parts of Asia. Transmission of virus is through mosquito vectors biting followed by peripheral multiplication site and exposed to host immune response before it succeeds in invasion of CNS. Thus protection from viral infection is a complex interplay of fight for superiority by virus and the host.Cell mediated immune response using transferred to non-immune 14 day mice and lethally challenged to study the protection. Results indicated that dominant immune response of T helper (Th) 2 type. Th and neutralizing antibody inducing epitopes on JEV were identified by combination of immunological and Bioinformatics platforms. Chimeric peptides incorporating both Th and B cell epitopes could protect mice. These epitopes were further incorporated in polytope DNA construct with four chimeric peptides and induce protective immunity in mice. In addition, overcome the anergy development by traditional DNA vaccine plasmid than of CMV promoter using antigen specific cell promoter rather was also studied.NIV carried out extensive studies on JE inactivated vaccines over the years. Studies were carried out mainly using CEC and Vero cells. Isolated of JEV from Kolar (821564) was extensively studied and thermostable mutant (821564 –XY) was selected and characterized genetically as well as antigenically. A commercial successfully produced purified, inactivated vaccine JENVAC is licensed is being successfully. Future challenges in terms of single dose vaccine with long lasting immunity, pig immunization vaccine as well newer related flavivirus are also important.

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Evaluation of Japanese encephalitis virus polytope DNA vaccine candidate in BALB/c mice

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Vaccines Against Dengue and West Nile Viruses in India: The Need of the Hour

Vaccines Against Dengue and West Nile Viruses in India: The Need of the Hour

Flaviviruses, an expanding threat in public health: focus on dengue, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis virus

Japanese encephalitis virus: Uniqueness of immune response, vaccine development and future challenges

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