Evaluation of kaolin clay as natural material for transformer oil treatment to reduce the impact of ageing on copper strip

Hafez, Ashraf I.; Gerges, Naser S.; Ibrahim, Heba N.; Elmagd, Wael S. I. Abou; Hashem, Ahmed I.

doi:10.1016/j.ejpe.2016.08.005

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Kaolin digunakan sebagai bahan baku di berbagai industri. Penggunaan kaolin yang terutama adalah di industri kertas 3) , keramik 4) , cat 5) , farmasi 6,7) , pengolahan minyak bumi 8) , dan pestisida 9,10) . Saat ini, kaolin yang diaktivasi dengan asam dan alumina telah digunakan juga untuk keperluan industri minyak nabati 11) .…”

Section: Casi3o8 + H2o + Co→ Al2o3 2sio2h2o + 4sio+ K2co3unclassified

“…2 S2O4 2-+ H2O ⇌ 2 HSO3 -+ S2O3 2- (8) Reaksi penguraian ini dipercepat oleh adanya oksigen dan pH yang rendah. Selain itu, reaksi penguraian ditionat juga dapat berlangsung menurut reaksi (3) pada pH 2 untuk kenaikan temperatur dari 70 o C menjadi 80 o C. Oleh karena pengaruh reaksi (4) dan (8), derajat keputihan yang diperoleh mengalami penurunan.…”

Section: Gambar 4 Hasil Pemutihan Pada Beberapa Temperatur Operasiunclassified

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Proses Pemutihan Kaolin Cicalengka Untuk Pelapis Kertas

Aliwarga

2023

Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri

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Rata-rata bahan baku kaolin di Indonesia masih mempunyai derajat keputihan yang rendah padahal kaolin harus mempunyai derajat keputihan yang tinggi (83%) untuk dapat digunakan sebagai pelapis dalam industri kertas. Untuk meningkatkan derajat keputihan dari bahan baku kaolin tersebut, proses pemutihan perlu dilakukan. Proses pemutihan kaolin telah banyak dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti dengan menggunakan pemutih yang berbeda-beda. Warna kuning kecokelatan pada kaolin yang menurunkan derajat keputihan kaolin disebabkan oleh kandungan besi (III) oksida dalam kaolin. Pada proses pemutihan, terjadi reduksi besi (III) oksida menjadi besi (II) oksida yang lebih mudah larut dalam air sehingga lebih mudah dipisahkan dari padatan kaolin. Pada penelitian ini, pemutihan kaolin menggunakan Na2S2O4 dan EDTA sebagai pemutih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh variabel operasi yaitu pH dan temperatur terhadap derajat keputihan kaolin pada proses pemutihan menggunakan kedua pemutih tersebut. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan proses pemutihan menggunakan Na2S2O4 dan EDTA dapat meningkatkan derajat keputihan kaolin sehingga memenuhi spesifikasi untuk pelapis kertas pada beberapa kondisi operasi. Proses pemutihan berhasil meningkatkan derajat keputihan kaolin hingga mencapai 85,54% pada pH 12 dan temperatur 70oC.

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Section: Casi3o8 + H2o + Co→ Al2o3 2sio2h2o + 4sio+ K2co3unclassified

Section: Gambar 4 Hasil Pemutihan Pada Beberapa Temperatur Operasiunclassified

Proses Pemutihan Kaolin Cicalengka Untuk Pelapis Kertas

Aliwarga

2023

Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri

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“…Several researchers investigated the performance and viability of various materials as molecular sieves, such as activated carbon [11] [12], kaolin clay [13], bentonite [14], fuller's earth [15], and even combined strategies [16]. Studies and product availability suggest fuller's earth may be the best all-around solution due to its high availability, low cost, and capacity for easy on-site reactivation of the absorbent [17] [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Dielectric Oil Regeneration Systems in Power Transmission Networks: A Case Study

Fylladitakis,

Katemliadis,

Pantelaki

2024

JPEE

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The criticality of transformers and reactors in the power transmission network and the paramount importance of ensuring their reliability through maintenance of the insulating oil is known. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of the efficacy and economic viability of a dielectric oil regeneration system, as implemented by the Transmission System Maintenance Department (TSMD) of the Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO), Greece's sole transmission operator. Through a detailed chemical analysis and performance evaluation, we assess the impact of the regeneration system on treated insulating oil quality over multiple cycles. The study reveals that the electrical properties of the insulating oil are fully restored after regeneration, negating the need to fully replace it, while the investment becomes cost-neutral within weeks from the commissioning of the regeneration system. This economic analysis, coupled with the system's environmental benefits of reducing waste oil generation, positions the dielectric oil regeneration system as a compelling solution for the maintenance of power transmission assets.

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“…Comprehensive electrical and physical tests which include: color and appearance of oil, breakdown voltage, water content, acidity, dielectric loss factor, flash point, drop point, density, and eruption, and dielectric loss factor tests are not only used to measure the quality of TO but also to diagnose general incompatibilities of internal transformer components or transformer insulation system problems, which cannot be detected without a complete overhaul of the transformer. It is generally recommended that comprehensive electrical and physical tests be performed twice a year, insoluble gas analysis once a year, and eruption tests once every two years for transformers that have operated for more than five years [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformer Oil Generation and Regeneration Techniques Based on Recent Developments (A Review)

Hassanpour

2021

Int. J. Petrol. Technol.

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With regard to the wide application of Transformer Oils (TO) as an energy stream on an industrial scale with fast progress towards green TO generation and regeneration technologies, the current review takes into investigation the TO generation industries based on the screening step of industrial projects by Iranian evaluator teams of in-charge organizations. The present review encompassed the TO generation and regeneration technologies from traditional, typical, and recently developed practices in this regard. The technologies extended to introduce green TO generation practices in connection with fossil fuel resources. By the way, a comparison has been done based on technologies posed for TO with the used motor oil reprocessing techniques and used lubricant oil regeneration technologies. To sum up, the current review comprised basic knowledge to select the best technologies for decision-making models in future industrial developments. The prominent achievement of the current review can be mentioned to the aggregation of industrial data for further processing in decision-making theory, criteria, and alternatives selections.

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Evaluation of kaolin clay as natural material for transformer oil treatment to reduce the impact of ageing on copper strip

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Proses Pemutihan Kaolin Cicalengka Untuk Pelapis Kertas

Proses Pemutihan Kaolin Cicalengka Untuk Pelapis Kertas

Benefits of Dielectric Oil Regeneration Systems in Power Transmission Networks: A Case Study

Transformer Oil Generation and Regeneration Techniques Based on Recent Developments (A Review)

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